One of the basic and commonly used features of Python programming is using input, output, and functions. In this course, you will learn about various input and output methods, the concept of functions, and practical usage.
Input and Output
Output Methods
The most basic output method is to use the print() function. This function outputs the content given within the parentheses to the screen. It provides various options for output by converting different types of data into strings.
print('Hello, world!')
print(3.14159)
print('Number', 42) # Outputs multiple arguments separated by a space
print(f'The value is {42}') # Formatting using f-string
Let’s take a closer look at various output methods.
Formatted Output
String formatting can organize and structure the output content to make it more understandable.
- Classical Method
- Using str.format() Method
- f-string (Python 3.6+)
Input Methods
The way to receive input from the user is by using the input() function. input() function always returns a string, so you may need to convert it to the appropriate type if necessary.
user_name = input('Enter your name: ')
age = input('Enter your age: ')
age = int(age) # Convert to a number
print(f'Hello, {user_name}. You are {age} years old.')
Validating Input Values
It is essential to validate the received input before using it, especially in the case of numeric input.
while True:
try:
age = int(input('Enter a valid age: '))
break # Exit the loop if valid input is received
except ValueError:
print('Invalid input. Please enter a number.')
print(f'Thank you! You entered: {age}')