{"id":25203,"date":"2024-10-26T09:52:59","date_gmt":"2024-10-26T09:52:59","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=25203"},"modified":"2024-11-26T08:02:33","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T08:02:33","slug":"%eb%94%a5-%eb%9f%ac%eb%8b%9d%ec%9d%84-%ec%9d%b4%ec%9a%a9%ed%95%9c-%ec%9e%90%ec%97%b0%ec%96%b4-%ec%b2%98%eb%a6%ac-%ed%8e%84%ed%94%8c%eb%a0%89%ec%84%9c%ed%8b%b0perplexity-ppl","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/25203\/","title":{"rendered":"\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0(Perplexity, PPL)"},"content":{"rendered":"<article>\n<p>\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac(NLP) \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud601\uc2e0\uc801\uc778 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc628 \ud575\uc2ec \uae30\uc220\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc \uba87 \ub144\uac04, \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \uc791\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uac04 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\uc9c0, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0(Perplexity, PPL)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \uc774\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00 metric\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc720\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc2ec\ub3c4 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uacfc \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc758 \uacb0\ud569<\/h2>\n<p>\uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub294 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uac00 \uc778\uac04\uc758 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uae30\uc220\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uae30\ubc95 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud14d\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc758 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ud30c\uc545\ud558\uace0, \ubb38\ub9e5\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uba70, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc640\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc790\uc5f0\uc2a4\ub7fd\uac8c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, RNN(Recurrent Neural Networks)\uc740 \uc2dc\ud000\uc2a4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc124\uacc4\ub41c \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd\uc758 \ud55c \uc885\ub958\ub85c, \ubb38\uc7a5\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc5f0\uc18d\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. LSTM(Long Short-Term Memory)\uacfc GRU(Gated Recurrent Unit) \uac19\uc740 \ubcc0\ud615\ub4e4\uc774 \ubb38\ub9e5\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub354 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub294 \uc774\ub4e4\uc774 \uc7a5\uae30 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc798 \ud559\uc2b5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ud574\uc8fc\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0(Perplexity)\ub780?<\/h2>\n<p>\ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub294 \uc8fc\ub85c \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud1b5\uacc4\uc801 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ubb38\uc7a5\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \ud655\ub960\uc744 \uce21\uc815\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ud488\uc9c8\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub294 \uc774 \ud655\ub960\uc758 \uc5ed\uc218\uc758 \uc9c0\uc218 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub418\uba70, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 &#8216;\ubd88\ud655\uc2e4\ud55c\uc9c0&#8217;\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uc9c0\ud45c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc218\ud559\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc815\uc758\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<p>\n        PPL(w) = 2^(-1\/N * \u03a3<sub>i=1<\/sub><sup>N<\/sup> log(p(w<sub>i<\/sub>)))\n    <\/p>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c N\uc740 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ud1a0\ud070 \uc218\uc774\uba70, p(w<sub>i<\/sub>)\ub294 i\ubc88\uc9f8 \ub2e8\uc5b4 w<sub>i<\/sub>\uc758 \uc870\uac74\ubd80 \ud655\ub960\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc27d\uac8c \ub9d0\ud574, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc5bc\ub9c8\ub098 \uc608\uce21\ud558\uae30 \uc5b4\ub824\uc6b4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc218\uce58\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc5d0\uc11c \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\uc758 \ud65c\uc6a9<\/h2>\n<p>\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub300\ub7c9\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\uc5ec \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ud488\uc9c8\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uba54\ud2b8\ub9ad\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud55c\ub370, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub294 \uadf8\uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\ubaa8\ub378 \uc131\ub2a5 \ube44\uad50: \ub2e4\ub978 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378 \uac04\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud560 \ub54c \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0 \uac12\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc5b4\ub290 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ub354 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778\uc9c0 \ud310\ub2e8\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ubaa8\ub378 \ud29c\ub2dd: \ud558\uc774\ud37c\ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130 \uc870\uc815\uc774\ub098 \ubaa8\ub378 \uad6c\uc870 \ubcc0\uacbd \ud6c4 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \ub54c, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uad00\ucc30\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uac1c\uc120 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc774\ud574 \ud5a5\uc0c1: \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\uac00 \ub0ae\uc544\uc9c8\uc218\ub85d, \uc774\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub354 \uc798 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\uc2e4\uc81c \uc0ac\ub840: \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd \uae30\ubc18 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378\uacfc \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0<\/h2>\n<p>\ucd5c\uadfc\uc758 \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd \uae30\ubc18 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378, \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 GPT(Generative Pre-trained Transformer) \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \uc791\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub09c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc740 \ubcf4\ud1b5 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uce35\uc758 Transformer \uad6c\uc870\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uac01 \uce35\uc740 attention \uba54\ucee4\ub2c8\uc998\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub2e8\uc5b4 \uac04 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud559\uc2b5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc810\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc774 \ub300\ub7c9\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\uba74\uc11c, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d\uacfc \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \ub354 \uc798 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uac8c \ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, OpenAI\uc758 GPT-3 \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uadf9\ub3c4\ub85c \ub0ae\uc740 \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0 \uac12\uc744 \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uc600\uace0, \uc774\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \uc778\uac04 \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ubaa8\ubc29\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub6f0\uc5b4\ub09c \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubc1c\ud718\ud55c\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\uc640 \ud574\uacb0 \ubc29\uc548<\/h2>\n<p>\ube44\ub85d \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\uac00 \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uadf8 \uc790\uccb4\ub85c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac83\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \ubabb\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub450 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\ub354\ub77c\ub3c4, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \uc791\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc740 \ub2e4\ub97c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4\uc758 \ub9e5\ub77d\uc774\ub098 \uc758\ubbf8\ub97c \uc644\uc804\ud788 \ubc18\uc601\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uadf8\ub807\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 BLEU, ROUGE, METEOR\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud3c9\uac00 \uc9c0\ud45c\ub97c \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc9c0\ud45c\ub4e4\uc740 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud2b9\uc131\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc774 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uac00\uc838\uc628 \ubcc0\ud654\ub294 \ud601\uc2e0\uc801\uc774\uba70, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uac70\ub098 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud560 \ub54c, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uae30\ud0c0 \uba54\ud2b8\ub9ad\uc744 \uc885\ud569\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub354\uc6b1 \uc815\ud655\ud55c \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \uc5bb\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \uae30\uc220\uc740 \uacc4\uc18d\ud574\uc11c \ubc1c\uc804\ud560 \uac83\uc774\uba70, \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uadf8 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc744 \ud0d0\uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\uc2ec\uc744 \uac00\uc9c8 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ucc38\uace0 \ubb38\ud5cc<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>Y. Goldberg, &#8220;Neural Network Methods for Natural Language Processing.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>A. Vaswani, et al., &#8220;Attention is All You Need.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>J. Devlin, et al., &#8220;BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding.&#8221;<\/li>\n<li>OpenAI, &#8220;Language Models are Few-Shot Learners.&#8221;<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/article>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac(NLP) \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud601\uc2e0\uc801\uc778 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uac00\uc838\uc628 \ud575\uc2ec \uae30\uc220\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uadfc \uba87 \ub144\uac04, \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd \uae30\ubc18\uc758 \ubaa8\ub378\ub4e4\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc5b8\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac \uc791\uc5c5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uac04 \uc218\uc900\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc5d0\uc11c \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\uc9c0, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0(Perplexity, PPL)\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \uc774\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00 metric\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc774\uc720\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc2ec\ub3c4 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uacfc \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\uc758 \uacb0\ud569 \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub294 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uac00 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/25203\/\" class=\"more-link\">\ub354 \ubcf4\uae30<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;\ub525 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uc790\uc5f0\uc5b4 \ucc98\ub9ac, \ud384\ud50c\ub809\uc11c\ud2f0(Perplexity, PPL)&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[16],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-25203","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-16"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - 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