\ud50c\ub7ec\ud130(Flutter)\ub294 \uad6c\uae00\uc774 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud55c \uc624\ud508\uc18c\uc2a4 UI \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\uc6e8\uc5b4 \uac1c\ubc1c \ud0a4\ud2b8(SDK)\ub85c, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uace0\uc131\ub2a5\uc758 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc27d\uac8c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3d5\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(Object-Oriented Programming, OOP)\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uc778 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4(class)<\/strong>, \uac1d\uccb4(object)<\/strong>, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4(instance)<\/strong>\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\uac8c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\ub4e4\uc740 \ud50c\ub7ec\ud130 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uad6c\uc870\ud654\ud558\uace0 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \uc694\uc18c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(OOP)\uc740 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ud328\ub7ec\ub2e4\uc784 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uac1d\uccb4<\/strong>\ub77c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ubb36\uc5b4 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \uc0c1\ud0dc(state)<\/strong>\uc640 \ud589\ub3d9(behavior)<\/strong>\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \ud074\ub798\uc2a4<\/strong>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. OOP\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n \uc774\uc81c \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c OOP \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \ud50c\ub7ec\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud2c0(template)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc5d0\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud574\ub2f9 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc870\uc791\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud50c\ub7ec\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n \uc704\uc758 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989, \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \uc0dd\uc131\ub41c \uc2e4\uc81c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc9d1\ud569\uc744 \uc9c0\uce6d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac1c\uc758 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uac01 \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \uace0\uc720\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uac00\uc9c8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc0dd\uc131\uc790, \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc, \ud544\ub4dc, \uc811\uadfc\uc81c\uc5b4\uc790 \ub4f1\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc790\uc138\ud55c \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\ub294 \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub420 \ub54c \ud638\ucd9c\ub418\uba70 \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ub97c \ub2f4\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. Dart(\ud50c\ub7ec\ud130\uc758 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc5b8\uc5b4)\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc0dd\uc131\uc790 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \uba85\uba85\ub41c \uc0dd\uc131\uc790(named constructor)\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n \uba85\uba85\ub41c \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\ub294 \ub2e4\ub978 \ucd08\uae30\ud654 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\uc758\ub41c \ud568\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud558\uac70\ub098, \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n \ud544\ub4dc\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud544\ub4dc\ub294 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \ubcc0\uc218(instance variable)\uc640 \uc815\uc801 \ubcc0\uc218(static variable)\ub85c \ub098\ub20c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n Dart\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc811\uadfc \uc81c\uc5b4\uc790\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \ud544\ub4dc\uc640 \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc811\uadfc \uc81c\ud55c\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ub85c \uc0c1\uc18d\uc740 \uae30\uc874 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uae30\ub2a5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ucf54\ub4dc \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\uacfc \uad6c\uc870\uc801 \uacc4\uce35\ud654\ub97c \ub354 \uc27d\uac8c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4 \uc0c1\uc18d\uc758 \uc608\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n \uc704 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ud615\uc131\uc774\ub780 \uc11c\ub85c \ub2e4\ub978 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \uac1d\uccb4\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\ub97c \ud638\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc758 \uc720\uc5f0\uc131\uacfc \uc7ac\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4:<\/p>\n \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubaa8\uc591\uc758 \ud0c0\uc6d0\uacfc \uc815\uc0ac\uac01\ud615\uc774 \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud50c\ub7ec\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4, \uac1d\uccb4, \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \uac1c\ub150\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uad6c\uccb4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc740 \uc571 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc758 \uae30\ubc18\uc774 \ub418\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc73c\ub85c, \ud50c\ub7ec\ud130 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc124\uacc4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e4\uc6a9\uc801\uc778 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc791\uc131\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uacc4\uc18d \ud0d0\uad6c\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \uc774 \uae00\uc774 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc758 \ud50c\ub7ec\ud130 \ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uae38 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4!<\/p>\n <\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"1. \uac1d\uccb4 \uc9c0\ud5a5 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc774\ub780?<\/h2>\n
\n
2. \ud074\ub798\uc2a4(Class)<\/h2>\n
class Car {\n String color;\n String model;\n\n Car(this.color, this.model);\n\n void display() {\n print('\ucc28\ub7c9 \ubaa8\ub378: $model, \uc0c9\uc0c1: $color');\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\nCar<\/code>\ub77c\ub294 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc5d0\ub294 color<\/code>\uc640 model<\/code>\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 \uc18d\uc131\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. display<\/code> \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\ub294 \ucc28\ub7c9\uc758 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc73c\ub85c, \uc774 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n3. \uac1d\uccb4(Object)\uc640 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4(Instance)<\/h2>\n
Car<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4\ub97c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ud574 \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\nvoid main() {\n Car car1 = Car('\ube68\uac04\uc0c9', '\uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uce74');\n Car car2 = Car('\ud30c\ub780\uc0c9', '\uc138\ub2e8');\n\n car1.display(); \/\/ \ucd9c\ub825: \ucc28\ub7c9 \ubaa8\ub378: \uc2a4\ud3ec\uce20\uce74, \uc0c9\uc0c1: \ube68\uac04\uc0c9\n car2.display(); \/\/ \ucd9c\ub825: \ucc28\ub7c9 \ubaa8\ub378: \uc138\ub2e8, \uc0c9\uc0c1: \ud30c\ub780\uc0c9\n}<\/code><\/pre>\ncar1<\/code>\uacfc car2<\/code>\ub77c\ub294 \ub450 \uac1c\uc758 Car<\/code> \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \uac1d\uccb4\ub294 \uc0dd\uc131 \uc2dc \uc81c\uacf5\ub41c \uc0c9\uc0c1\uacfc \ubaa8\ub378 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, display<\/code> \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\ub97c \ud638\ucd9c\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uac01 \ucc28\ub7c9\uc758 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n4. \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uad6c\uc131\uc694\uc18c<\/h2>\n
4.1 \uc0dd\uc131\uc790(Constructor)<\/h3>\n
class Person {\n String name;\n int age;\n\n Person(this.name, this.age); \/\/ \uae30\ubcf8 \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\n\n Person.named(this.name, this.age); \/\/ \uba85\uba85\ub41c \uc0dd\uc131\uc790\n}<\/code><\/pre>\nPerson.named('\ud64d\uae38\ub3d9', 30)<\/code>\ucc98\ub7fc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n4.2 \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc(Method)<\/h3>\n
class Animal {\n String name;\n\n Animal(this.name);\n\n void speak() {\n print('$name\uac00 \uc18c\ub9ac\uce69\ub2c8\ub2e4.');\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n4.3 \ud544\ub4dc(Field)<\/h3>\n
class Circle {\n static const double pi = 3.14; \/\/ \uc815\uc801 \ubcc0\uc218\n double radius; \/\/ \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4 \ubcc0\uc218\n\n Circle(this.radius);\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n4.4 \uc811\uadfc \uc81c\uc5b4\uc790(Access Modifier)<\/h3>\n
public<\/code>\uacfc private<\/code> \uac1c\ub150\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud544\ub4dc \uc55e\uc5d0 _<\/code>\ub97c \ubd99\uc774\uba74 private\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\nclass BankAccount {\n double _balance; \/\/ private \ubcc0\uc218\n\n BankAccount(this._balance);\n\n void deposit(double amount) {\n _balance += amount;\n }\n\n double get balance => _balance; \/\/ public \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n5. \ud074\ub798\uc2a4 \uc0c1\uc18d(Inheritance)<\/h2>\n
class Vehicle {\n void start() {\n print('\ucc28\ub7c9 \uc2dc\uc791');\n }\n}\n\nclass Bike extends Vehicle {\n void ringBell() {\n print('\uc790\uc804\uac70 \ubca8 \uc18c\ub9ac!');\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\nBike<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 Vehicle<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \ud655\uc7a5(\uc0c1\uc18d)\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989, Vehicle<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc758 \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\uc778 start<\/code>\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\nvoid main() {\n Bike bike = Bike();\n bike.start(); \/\/ \ucd9c\ub825: \ucc28\ub7c9 \uc2dc\uc791\n bike.ringBell(); \/\/ \ucd9c\ub825: \uc790\uc804\uac70 \ubca8 \uc18c\ub9ac!\n}<\/code><\/pre>\n6. \ub2e4\ud615\uc131(Polymorphism)<\/h2>\n
class Shape {\n void draw() {\n print('\ubaa8\uc591\uc744 \uadf8\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.');\n }\n}\n\nclass Circle extends Shape {\n @override\n void draw() {\n print('\uc6d0\uc744 \uadf8\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.');\n }\n}\n\nclass Square extends Shape {\n @override\n void draw() {\n print('\uc815\uc0ac\uac01\ud615\uc744 \uadf8\ub9bd\ub2c8\ub2e4.');\n }\n}<\/code><\/pre>\nShape<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uc0c1\uc18d\ud558\uace0, \uac01 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 draw<\/code> \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\ub97c \uc624\ubc84\ub77c\uc774\ub4dc\ud558\uc5ec \uac01 \ubaa8\uc591\uc5d0 \ub9de\ub294 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n