{"id":26784,"date":"2024-10-27T11:52:42","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T11:52:42","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=26784"},"modified":"2024-11-26T07:30:07","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:30:07","slug":"%ec%9e%90%eb%b0%94-%ec%bd%94%eb%94%a9%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%eb%b2%a8%eb%a7%8c-%ed%8f%ac%eb%93%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/26784\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc790\ubc14 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>\ucf54\ub529 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0 \uc790\uc8fc \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uac1c\ub150, \uc791\ub3d9 \ubc29\ubc95, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc2e4\uc81c \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ub2e8\uacc4\ubcc4\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub529 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc640 \ucde8\uc5c5 \uc900\ube44\uc5d0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc608\uc81c\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0c1\uc138\ud55c \ud480\uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\uc2dc\ucf30\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc18c\uac1c<\/h2>\n<p>\ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \uac00\uc911\uce58\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e8\uc77c \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810(source)\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc815\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \uc74c\uc758 \uac00\uc911\uce58\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \uac04\uc120\uc744 \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074\uc774 \ud3ec\ud568\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc801\uc6a9\ud558\uae30 \uc804 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc5d0 \uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \ud2b9\uc9d5<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc815\uc810 \uc218\uac00 V\uc77c \ub54c, \uc2dc\uac04 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\ub294 O(VE)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ub2e4\ub9ac \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ud3ec\ub9f7\uc774 \ub2e4\uc591\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub294 \uc74c\uc758 \uac00\uc911\uce58\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074 \uac80\ucd9c \uae30\ub2a5\uc774 \ub0b4\uc7a5\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>\ubb38\uc81c: \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c \ucc3e\uae30<\/h2>\n<p>\ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>\ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85<\/h3>\n<p>\uac00\uc911\uce58\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\ud5a5 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ub54c, \ud2b9\uc815 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc815\uc810\uc73c\ub85c\uc758 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc138\uc694. \uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub294 \uc74c\uc758 \uac00\uc911\uce58\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uba74, &#8216;Negative Cycle&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\ub294 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>\uc785\ub825 \ud615\uc2dd<\/h3>\n<pre>\n\uccab \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc904\uc5d0\ub294 \uc815\uc810\uc758 \uc218 V (1 \u2264 V \u2264 1000)\uc640 \uac04\uc120\uc758 \uc218 E (1 \u2264 E \u2264 10,000)\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4.\n\ub450 \ubc88\uc9f8 \uc904\uc5d0\ub294 \ucd9c\ubc1c \uc815\uc810 S (1 \u2264 S \u2264 V)\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4.\n\uc774\ud6c4 E\uc904\uc5d0 \uac78\uccd0 \uac01 \uac04\uc120\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\uac00 u, v, w (1 \u2264 u, v \u2264 V, -10^5 \u2264 w \u2264 10^5)\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4.\n<\/pre>\n<h3>\ucd9c\ub825 \ud615\uc2dd<\/h3>\n<pre>\n\uac01 \uc815\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c \uae38\uc774\ub97c, \uacf5\ubc31\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ubd84\ud558\uc5ec \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4.\n\uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uba74 'Negative Cycle'\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud55c\ub2e4.\n<\/pre>\n<h2>\ubb38\uc81c \ud480\uc774<\/h2>\n<h3>1. \ubb38\uc81c \uc774\ud574 \ubc0f \ubd84\uc11d<\/h3>\n<p>\ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uba3c\uc800 \uc785\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ud30c\uc545\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\uc810\uacfc \uac04\uc120\uc758 \uac1c\uc218, \ucd9c\ubc1c \uc815\uc810\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud574\uc57c \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\uc544\uac08 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc798 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>2. \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc124\uacc4<\/h3>\n<p>\ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uc758 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac04\uc120\uc744 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c \uac12\uc744 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc740 0, \ub2e4\ub978 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc815\uc810\uc740 \ubb34\ud55c\ub300(infinity)\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc815\uc810\uc758 \uc218 &#8211; 1 \ub9cc\ud07c\uc758 \ud69f\uc218 \ub3d9\uc548 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac04\uc120\uc744 \uac80\uc0ac\ud558\uace0, \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uac31\uc2e0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac04\uc120\uc744 \ub2e4\uc2dc \uac80\uc0ac\ud558\uc5ec, \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uac31\uc2e0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc73c\ub85c \ud310\ub2e8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>3. \uc790\ubc14 \ucf54\ub4dc \uad6c\ud604<\/h3>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ubc14 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\nimport java.util.*;\n\npublic class BellmanFord {\n    static class Edge {\n        int u, v, weight;\n        Edge(int u, int v, int weight) {\n            this.u = u;\n            this.v = v;\n            this.weight = weight;\n        }\n    }\n\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        Scanner sc = new Scanner(System.in);\n        int V = sc.nextInt(); \/\/ \uc815\uc810\uc758 \uc218\n        int E = sc.nextInt(); \/\/ \uac04\uc120\uc758 \uc218\n        int S = sc.nextInt(); \/\/ \ucd9c\ubc1c \uc815\uc810\n\n        List<edge> edges = new ArrayList&lt;&gt;();\n        for (int i = 0; i &lt; E; i++) {\n            int u = sc.nextInt();\n            int v = sc.nextInt();\n            int weight = sc.nextInt();\n            edges.add(new Edge(u, v, weight));\n        }\n\n        int[] dist = new int[V + 1];\n        Arrays.fill(dist, Integer.MAX_VALUE);\n        dist[S] = 0;\n\n        \/\/ \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc2e4\ud589\n        for (int i = 1; i &lt;= V - 1; i++) {\n            for (Edge edge : edges) {\n                if (dist[edge.u] != Integer.MAX_VALUE &amp;&amp; \n                    dist[edge.u] + edge.weight &lt; dist[edge.v]) {\n                    dist[edge.v] = dist[edge.u] + edge.weight;\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        \/\/ \uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074 \uac80\ucd9c\n        for (Edge edge : edges) {\n            if (dist[edge.u] != Integer.MAX_VALUE &amp;&amp; \n                dist[edge.u] + edge.weight &lt; dist[edge.v]) {\n                System.out.println(\"Negative Cycle\");\n                return;\n            }\n        }\n\n        \/\/ \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c \ucd9c\ub825\n        for (int i = 1; i &lt;= V; i++) {\n            if (dist[i] == Integer.MAX_VALUE) {\n                System.out.print(\"Infinity \");\n            } else {\n                System.out.print(dist[i] + \" \");\n            }\n        }\n    }\n}\n<\/edge><\/pre>\n<h3>4. \ucf54\ub4dc \uc124\uba85<\/h3>\n<p>\uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uc804\uccb4 \ud750\ub984\uc744 \ub2f4\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uc6b0\uc120 edge \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac04\uc120 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uac70\ub9ac \ubc30\uc5f4(dist)\uc744 \uc120\uc5b8\ud558\uace0 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac\ub97c 0\uc73c\ub85c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc548\ucabd loop\uc5d0\uc11c \uac01 \uac04\uc120\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud558\uba70, \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uac70\ub9ac\ub97c \uac31\uc2e0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac04\uc120\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c \ub2e4\uc2dc \uac80\ud1a0\ud55c \ud6c4, \uc74c\uc758 \uc0ac\uc774\ud074 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>5. \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubc0f \uac80\uc99d<\/h3>\n<p>\ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc644\uc131\ud55c \ud6c4, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucf00\uc774\uc2a4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uc62c\ubc14\ub978 \uc791\ub3d9 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4:<\/p>\n<pre>\n\uc785\ub825:\n5 8\n1\n1 2 4\n1 3 3\n2 3 1\n3 2 -1\n2 4 2\n3 4 5\n4 5 -3\n5 4 2\n\n\ucd9c\ub825:\n0 3 3 5 Infinity \n<\/pre>\n<h3>6. \uacb0\ub860<\/h3>\n<p>\ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc74c\uc758 \uac00\uc911\uce58\ub97c \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ud2b9\uc131 \ub355\ubd84\uc5d0 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uadf8\ub798\ud504 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uc774\ud574\uc640 \uad6c\ud604\uc740 \ucf54\ub529 \uc778\ud130\ubdf0 \ubc0f \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc2dc\ud5d8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub192\uc740 \uc810\uc218\ub97c \uc5bb\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud544\uc218 \ub2a5\ub825 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>\ub9c8\ubb34\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uac00 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc168\ub2e4\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucf54\ub529 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc900\ube44\uc5d0 \uc2e4\uc9c8\uc801\uc778 \uae30\uc5ec\ub97c \ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc801\uc6a9\ud574 \ubcf4\uba70 \uc2ec\ud654 \ud559\uc2b5\uc744 \uc774\uc5b4\uac00\uc138\uc694!<\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\ucf54\ub529 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0 \uc790\uc8fc \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud558\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uac00 \ubc14\ub85c \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uac1c\ub150, \uc791\ub3d9 \ubc29\ubc95, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 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