{"id":26794,"date":"2024-10-27T11:52:46","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T11:52:46","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=26794"},"modified":"2024-11-26T07:29:53","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:29:53","slug":"%ec%9e%90%eb%b0%94-%ec%bd%94%eb%94%a9%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%eb%b9%8c%eb%94%a9-%ec%88%9c%ec%84%9c-%ea%b5%ac%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/26794\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc790\ubc14 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \ube4c\ub529 \uc21c\uc11c \uad6c\ud558\uae30"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\n \ubcf8 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc790\ubc14 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \ub300\ube44\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud558\ub098 \ud480\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\uc81c\ub294 “\ube4c\ub529 \uc21c\uc11c \uad6c\ud558\uae30”\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504 \ud0d0\uc0c9 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uacfc \uc815\ub82c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uacb0\ud569\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \uc774\ub860\uc801 \ubc30\uacbd \ubc0f \ucf54\ub4dc \uad6c\ud604 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n<\/header>\n

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\ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n

\n \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ube4c\ub529\uc744 \uac74\uc124\ud560 \uacc4\ud68d\uc744 \uc138\uc6b0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01 \ube4c\ub529\uc740 \uc11c\ub85c\uc758 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc989, \ube4c\ub529 A\uac00 \ube4c\ub529 B\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uba3c\uc800 \uac74\uc124\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, A -> B\ub85c \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0a9\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uaddc\uce59\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ube4c\ub529\uc758 \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc785\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \ube4c\ub529\uc758 \uac1c\uc218 N\uacfc \uc758\uc874\uc131 \uc815\ubcf4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2f9\uc2e0\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ube4c\ub529\uc758 \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc84c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574\ubd05\uc2dc\ub2e4:\n <\/p>\n

\n            5 4\n            2 1\n            3 1\n            4 2\n            5 3\n            <\/pre>\n
\n                \uc774 \uc785\ub825\uc740 5\uac1c\uc758 \ube4c\ub529\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud568\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n                1\ubc88 \ube4c\ub529\uc740 2\ubc88 \ube4c\ub529\uc774 \uba3c\uc800 \uac74\uc124\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud558\uace0, 1\ubc88\uc740 3\ubc88, 2\ubc88\uc740 4\ubc88, 3\ubc88\uc740 5\ubc88\uc774 \uba3c\uc800 \uac74\uc124\ub418\uc5b4\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n                \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud55c \ube4c\ub529\ub4e4\uc758 \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n            <\/p>\n
\n            1, 2, 3, 4, 5 \ub610\ub294 1, 2, 3, 5, 4 \ub4f1.\n            <\/pre>\n<\/section>\n
\n
\ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uc804\ub7b5<\/h2>\n
\n                \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c(Topological Sorting) \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c\uc740 \ubc29\ud5a5 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc815\uc810(\ub178\ub4dc)\uc744 \uc720\ud5a5 \uac04\uc120\uc758 \ubc29\ud5a5\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub098\uc5f4\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c, \uac04\uc120 A -> B\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0 A\ub294 B\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc55e\uc5d0 \ub098\uc640\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n
\n                \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n            <\/p>\n
    \n
  1. \uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub97c \uc778\uc811 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  2. \uac01 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218(in-degree)\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  3. \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218\uac00 0\uc778 \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \uc2dc\uc791\uc73c\ub85c \ud050\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  4. \ud050\uc5d0\uc11c \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \ud558\ub098\uc529 \uaebc\ub0b4\uba70 \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uace0, \uadf8 \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0 \uc5f0\uacb0\ub41c \ub2e4\ub978 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218\ub97c \uac10\uc18c\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub54c, \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218\uac00 0\uc774 \ub41c \ub178\ub4dc\ub294 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ud050\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  5. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub420 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/section>\n
    \n
    \uc790\ubc14 \uad6c\ud604 \ucf54\ub4dc<\/h2>\n
    \n                \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ubc14\ub85c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uad6c\ud604\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798\ub294 \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc790\ubc14 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n
    \n                \npublic class BuildingOrder {\n    import java.util.*;\n\n    public static void main(String[] args) {\n        Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in);\n        \n        \/\/ \ube4c\ub529\uacfc \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \uc785\ub825 \ubc1b\uae30\n        int N = scanner.nextInt(); \/\/ \ube4c\ub529\uc758 \uc218\n        int M = scanner.nextInt(); \/\/ \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc758 \uc218\n        \n        List> graph = new ArrayList<>();\n        int[] inDegree = new int[N + 1]; \/\/ \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218\n        \n        for (int i = 0; i <= N; i++) {\n            graph.add(new ArrayList<>());\n        }\n        \n        for (int i = 0; i < M; i++) {\n            int a = scanner.nextInt();\n            int b = scanner.nextInt();\n            graph.get(a).add(b);\n            inDegree[b]++;\n        }\n        \n        \/\/ \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uacfc\uc815 \uad6c\ud604\n        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();\n        Queue queue = new LinkedList<>();\n\n        \/\/ \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218\uac00 0\uc778 \ub178\ub4dc \ud050\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\n        for (int i = 1; i <= N; i++) {\n            if (inDegree[i] == 0) {\n                queue.offer(i);\n            }\n        }\n        \n        while (!queue.isEmpty()) {\n            int current = queue.poll();\n            result.append(current).append(\" \");\n\n            for (int neighbor : graph.get(current)) {\n                inDegree[neighbor]--;\n                if (inDegree[neighbor] == 0) {\n                    queue.offer(neighbor);\n                }\n            }\n        }\n\n        \/\/ \uacb0\uacfc \ucd9c\ub825\n        System.out.println(\"\ube4c\ub529 \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c: \");\n        System.out.println(result.toString().trim());\n        scanner.close();\n    }\n}\n                <\/integer><\/list<\/code>\n            <\/pre>\n
    \n                \uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \uba3c\uc800 \ube4c\ub529\uc758 \uac1c\uc218\uc640 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \uc785\ub825\ubc1b\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc640 \uc9c4\uc785 \ucc28\uc218\ub97c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \ud6c4, \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \uacb0\uc815\ud558\uace0 \ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n<\/section>\n
    \n
    \uc785\ucd9c\ub825 \uc608\uc81c<\/h2>\n
    \uc608\uc81c \uc785\ub825<\/h3>\n
    \n            5 4\n            2 1\n            3 1\n            4 2\n            5 3\n            <\/pre>\n
    \uc608\uc81c \ucd9c\ub825<\/h3>\n
    \n            \ube4c\ub529 \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c: \n            1 2 3 4 5 \ub610\ub294 1 2 3 5 4\n            <\/pre>\n<\/section>\n
    \n
    \uc2ec\ud654 \ud559\uc2b5<\/h2>\n
    \n                \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8 \uc77c\uc815 \uad00\ub9ac, \ucef4\ud30c\uc77c\ub7ec\uc758 \ubb38\ubc95 \ubd84\uc11d, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uacfc\uc815\uc758 \uc120\ud6c4 \uad00\uacc4\uac00 \uc788\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc798 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \ucf54\ub529 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub294 \ubb3c\ub860 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n
    \n                \uc5f0\uc2b5 \ubb38\uc81c:
    \n                
    1. \uc704\uc0c1 \uc815\ub82c\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac74\uc124 \uc21c\uc11c\ub97c \uad6c\ud574\ubcf4\uc138\uc694.
    \n                
    2. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc758 \uc758\uc874\uc131\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uace0, \uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub97c \uc2dc\uac01\ud654\ud558\uc5ec \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uace0\ubbfc\ud574\ubcf4\uc138\uc694.\n            <\/p>\n<\/section>\n