{"id":27094,"date":"2024-10-27T13:43:38","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T13:43:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=27094"},"modified":"2024-11-26T07:22:38","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:22:38","slug":"%ed%8c%8c%ec%9d%b4%ec%8d%ac-%ec%bd%94%eb%94%a9%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%ec%86%8c%ec%88%98-%ea%b5%ac%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27094\/","title":{"rendered":"\ud30c\uc774\uc36c \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc18c\uc218 \uad6c\ud558\uae30"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

1. \ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n

\uc774\ubc88 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc218 N\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uac70\ub098 \uac19\uc740 \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \uc804\ubd80 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc18c\uc218\ub780 1\uacfc \uc790\uae30 \uc790\uc2e0\ub9cc\uc744 \uc57d\uc218\ub85c \uac00\uc9c0\ub294 \uc815\uc218\ub97c \ub73b\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13 \ub4f1\uc740 \uc18c\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

\ubb38\uc81c \uc815\uc758<\/h2>\n

\ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc870\uac74\uc744 \ub9cc\uc871\ud558\ub294 \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub7a8\uc744 \uc791\uc131\ud558\uc138\uc694.<\/p>\n

\n        \ud568\uc218 \uc774\ub984: find_primes\n        \uc785\ub825: \uc815\uc218 N (2 \u2264 N \u2264 10^6)\n        \ucd9c\ub825: N\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uac70\ub098 \uac19\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub85c \ubc18\ud658\n    <\/pre>\n
2. \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd<\/h2>\n
\uc18c\uc218\ub97c \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uac00\uc7a5 \ub9ce\uc774 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 ‘\uc5d0\ub77c\ud1a0\uc2a4\ud14c\ub124\uc2a4\uc758 \uccb4’\ub77c\uace0 \ubd88\ub9ac\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ubc94\uc704 \ub0b4\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc3e\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c, \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
    \n
  1. 2\ubd80\ud130 N\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc815\uc218\ub97c \ud3ec\ud568\ud558\ub294 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  2. \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c 2\uc758 \ubc30\uc218\ub4e4\uc744 \ubaa8\ub450 \uc0ad\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  3. \ub2e4\uc74c \ub0a8\uc740 \uc218\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uac19\uc740 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ubc18\ubcf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. (\uc989, \ud604\uc7ac \uc218\uc758 \ubc30\uc218\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uc0ad\uc81c)<\/li>\n
  4. N\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \uc218\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \ub54c\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc774\ub97c \ubc18\ubcf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  5. \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uae4c\uc9c0 \ub0a8\uc740 \uc218\ub4e4\uc774 \uc18c\uc218\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    3. \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uad6c\ud604<\/h2>\n
    \uc774\uc81c \uc704\uc5d0\uc11c \uc124\uba85\ud55c \uc5d0\ub77c\ud1a0\uc2a4\ud14c\ub124\uc2a4\uc758 \uccb4 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ud30c\uc774\uc36c\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798\ub294 \uc804\uccb4 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
    \ndef find_primes(N):\n    # 0\uacfc 1\uc740 \uc18c\uc218\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ubbc0\ub85c \ubbf8\ub9ac \ubc30\uc81c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n    if N < 2:\n        return []\n    \n    # \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\n    sieve = [True] * (N + 1)  # \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc218\ub97c \uc18c\uc218 \uac00\ub2a5\uc131\uc73c\ub85c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\n    sieve[0], sieve[1] = False, False  # 0\uacfc 1\uc740 \uc18c\uc218\uac00 \uc544\ub2d8\n\n    for i in range(2, int(N**0.5) + 1):  # 2\ubd80\ud130 sqrt(N)\uae4c\uc9c0 \uc9c4\ud589\n        if sieve[i]:  # i\uac00 \uc18c\uc218\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0\n            for j in range(i * i, N + 1, i):  # i\uc758 \ubc30\uc218\ub97c False\ub85c \uc124\uc815\n                sieve[j] = False\n\n    # \uc18c\uc218 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uc0dd\uc131\n    primes = [i for i, is_prime in enumerate(sieve) if is_prime]\n    return primes\n\n# \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\nN = 100\nprint(find_primes(N))  # \ucd9c\ub825: [2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47, 53, 59, 61, 67, 71, 73, 79, 83, 89, 97]\n    <\/pre>\n
    4. \ucf54\ub4dc \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n
    \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc791\ub3d9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
      \n
    1. \uc6b0\uc120, \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 ‘sieve’\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc5ec N+1 \ud06c\uae30\uc758 \ubc30\uc5f4\uc744 True\ub85c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubc30\uc5f4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294 \uc218\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud558\uace0, \uac12\uc774 True\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ud574\ub2f9 \uc218\uac00 \uc18c\uc218\uc784\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
    2. 0\uacfc 1\uc740 \uc18c\uc218\uac00 \uc544\ub2c8\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc774 \ub450 \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub294 False\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
    3. 2\ubd80\ud130 \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc5ec sqrt(N)\uae4c\uc9c0 \ubc18\ubcf5\ubb38\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ud604\uc7ac \uc218 i\uac00 \uc18c\uc218\uc778\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4 (sieve[i]\uac00 True). \ub9cc\uc57d \uc18c\uc218\uc774\uba74, i\uc758 \ubc30\uc218\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 False\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
    4. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac80\uc0ac\ub97c \uc644\ub8cc\ud55c \ud6c4, \ucd5c\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c True \uac12\uc774 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub294 \uc778\ub371\uc2a4\ub97c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub85c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      5. \uc131\ub2a5 \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n
      \uc5d0\ub77c\ud1a0\uc2a4\ud14c\ub124\uc2a4\uc758 \uccb4 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 O(n log log n) \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\ub97c \uac00\uc9c0\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \ud3b8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc870\uac74\uc778 N \u2264 10^6\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574\uc11c\ub3c4 \ube60\ub978 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \ucc3e\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
      6. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
      \uc18c\uc218\ub97c \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc5d0\ub77c\ud1a0\uc2a4\ud14c\ub124\uc2a4\uc758 \uccb4 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \uadf8 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\ub2c8, \uaf2d \uc775\ud600\ub450\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4!<\/p>\n
      7. \ucd94\uac00 \ucc38\uace0 \uc790\ub8cc<\/h2>\n
      \ub354 \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uacf5\ubd80\ud558\uace0 \uc2f6\ub2e4\uba74 \uc544\ub798\uc758 \uc790\ub8cc\ub97c \ucd94\ucc9c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n