{"id":27649,"date":"2024-10-27T14:42:44","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T14:42:44","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=27649"},"modified":"2024-11-26T07:16:27","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:16:27","slug":"c-%ec%bd%94%eb%94%a9%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%ec%84%b8%ec%9d%bc%ec%a6%88%eb%a7%a8%ec%9d%98-%ea%b3%a0%eb%af%bc-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27649\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc\uc740 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, “\uc678\ud310\uc6d0 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c” \ub610\ub294 “\uc5ec\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8 \ubb38\uc81c”\ub77c\uace0\ub3c4 \ubd88\ub9b0\ub2e4.
\n \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ucd9c\ubc1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc9e7\uc740 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.
\n \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc870\ud569 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654(combinatorial optimization) \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uba70 NP-hard\ub85c \ubd84\ub958\ub41c\ub2e4.
\n \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc14b\uc740 \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4(brute force) \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud070 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc14b\uc740 \ub354 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n

\n N\uac1c\uc758 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\uace0, \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uac04\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac \ud589\ub82c\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4\ub2e4. \ubaa9\ud45c\ub294 \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc774 \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc5d0 \ud55c \ubc88\uc529 \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ucd9c\ubc1c \uc9c0\uc810\uc73c\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc9e7\uc740 \uacbd\ub85c\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac \ud569\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4.
\n \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\uc774\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

\n        \n        \uc785\ub825:\n        N (\ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc218)\n        \uac70\ub9ac \ud589\ub82c (nxn \ud589\ub82c)\n        \n        \ucd9c\ub825:\n        \ucd5c\uc18c \uacbd\ub85c\uc758 \uae38\uc774\n        <\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n
\uc608\uc81c<\/h2>\n
\n\uc785\ub825 \uc608\uc2dc:<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n
\n        4\n        0 10 15 20\n        10 0 35 25\n        15 35 0 30\n        20 25 30 0\n    <\/pre>\n
\n\ucd9c\ub825 \uc608\uc2dc:<\/strong>
\n        80\n    <\/p>\n
\ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \uacfc\uc815<\/h2>\n
\n        \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc774 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c\ub294 \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uacfc \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(DP) \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n
1. \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n
\n        \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774\ub2e4.
\n        \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc21c\uc5f4\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \uac01 \uacbd\ub85c \uac70\ub9ac\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uace0, \uc774 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c\uc18c \uac70\ub9ac\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n
\uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc124\uba85<\/h4>\n
    \n
  1. \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc21c\uc5f4\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  2. \uac01 \uc21c\uc5f4\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc804\uccb4 \uac70\ub9ac \uac12\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  3. \uacc4\uc0b0\ub41c \uac70\ub9ac \uc911 \ucd5c\uc18c \uac70\ub9ac \uac12\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
    C++ \ucf54\ub4dc \uc608\uc2dc<\/h4>\n
    \n        \n        #include \n        #include \n        #include \n        #include \n\n        using namespace std;\n\n        int calculateDistance(const vector>& dist, const vector& path) {\n            int totalDistance = 0;\n            for (int i = 0; i < path.size() - 1; i++) {\n                totalDistance += dist[path[i]][path[i + 1]];\n            }\n            totalDistance += dist[path.back()][path[0]]; \/\/ Return to start\n            return totalDistance;\n        }\n\n        int main() {\n            int N;\n            cin >> N;\n            vector> dist(N, vector(N, 0));\n\n            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)\n                for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)\n                    cin >> dist[i][j];\n\n            vector cities(N);\n            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) cities[i] = i;\n\n            int minDistance = INT_MAX;\n\n            do {\n                int currentDistance = calculateDistance(dist, cities);\n                minDistance = min(minDistance, currentDistance);\n            } while (next_permutation(cities.begin() + 1, cities.end())); \/\/ Fix first city\n\n            cout << minDistance << endl;\n\n            return 0;\n        }\n        <\/int><\/int><\/vector<\/int><\/vector<\/limits.h><\/algorithm><\/vector><\/iostream><\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n
    2. \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(DP) \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n
    \n        \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac\ub97c \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc774\ub2e4.
    \n        \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud06c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud558\uc5ec \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \ubc29\ubb38 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\uace0, \uc7ac\uadc0 \ud568\uc218\uc640 \uba54\ubaa8\uc774\uc81c\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud55c\ub2e4.
    \n        \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\ub294 O(n^2 * 2^n)\ub85c \uc904\uc5b4\ub4e0\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc194\ub8e8\uc158\uc758 \uc124\uba85\uc774\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n
    \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc124\uba85<\/h4>\n
      \n
    1. \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud06c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \ubc29\ubb38 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
    2. \ucd5c\uc18c \ube44\uc6a9 \ud14c\uc774\ube14\uc744 \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud558\uace0 0\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
    3. \uc7ac\uadc0 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uba70 \ucd5c\uc18c \uac70\ub9ac \uac12\uc744 \uac31\uc2e0\ud55c\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      C++ \ucf54\ub4dc \uc608\uc2dc<\/h4>\n
      \n        \n        #include \n        #include \n        #include \n\n        using namespace std;\n\n        int tsp(int pos, int visited, const vector>& dist, vector>& memo) {\n            if (visited == ((1 << dist.size()) - 1)) {\n                return dist[pos][0]; \/\/ Return to the start city\n            }\n\n            if (memo[pos][visited] != -1) {\n                return memo[pos][visited];\n            }\n\n            int minCost = INT_MAX;\n\n            for (int city = 0; city < dist.size(); city++) {\n                if ((visited & (1 << city)) == 0) {\n                    int newCost = dist[pos][city] + tsp(city, visited | (1 << city), dist, memo);\n                    minCost = min(minCost, newCost);\n                }\n            }\n\n            return memo[pos][visited] = minCost;\n        }\n\n        int main() {\n            int N;\n            cin >> N;\n            vector> dist(N, vector(N, 0));\n\n            for (int i = 0; i < N; i++)\n                for (int j = 0; j < N; j++)\n                    cin >> dist[i][j];\n\n            vector> memo(N, vector((1 << N), -1));\n\n            cout << tsp(0, 1, dist, memo) << endl;\n\n            return 0;\n        }\n        <\/int><\/vector<\/int><\/vector<\/vector<\/vector<\/limits.h><\/vector><\/iostream><\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n
      \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
      \n        \uc774 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 C++\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ub41c \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\uc81c \uc815\uc758, \uc608\uc81c,
      \n        \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4 \ubc0f \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uc558\ub2e4.
      \n        \uc8fc\uc758\ud560 \uc810\uc740 \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc218\uac00 \uc791\uc744 \ub54c\ub9cc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud558\uba70, \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc218\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud560\uc218\ub85d \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub354 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\ub2e4.
      \n        \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc740 \uc2e4\uc81c \ucf54\ub529 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubc0f \uba74\uc811\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc5f0\uc2b5\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\ub2e4.\n    <\/p>\n
      <\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
      \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc\uc740 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, “\uc678\ud310\uc6d0 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c” \ub610\ub294 “\uc5ec\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8 \ubb38\uc81c”\ub77c\uace0\ub3c4 \ubd88\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ucd9c\ubc1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc9e7\uc740 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc870\ud569 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654(combinatorial optimization) \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uba70 NP-hard\ub85c \ubd84\ub958\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc14b\uc740 \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4(brute force) \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, … \ub354 \ubcf4\uae30 “C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[25],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27649","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-c---2"],"yoast_head":"\nC++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc - \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27649\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc - \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc\uc740 \uc804\ud1b5\uc801\uc778 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, “\uc678\ud310\uc6d0 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c” \ub610\ub294 “\uc5ec\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8 \ubb38\uc81c”\ub77c\uace0\ub3c4 \ubd88\ub9b0\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00 \uc788\uc744 \ub54c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc774 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ub2e4\uc2dc \ucd9c\ubc1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc9e7\uc740 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc774\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc870\ud569 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654(combinatorial optimization) \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\uba70 NP-hard\ub85c \ubd84\ub958\ub41c\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uc791\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc14b\uc740 \ube0c\ub8e8\ud2b8 \ud3ec\uc2a4(brute force) \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, … \ub354 \ubcf4\uae30 "C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc138\uc77c\uc988\ub9e8\uc758 \uace0\ubbfc"\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27649\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2024-10-27T14:42:44+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-11-26T07:16:27+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"root\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:creator\" content=\"@bebubo4\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:site\" content=\"@bebubo4\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"\uae00\uc4f4\uc774\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"root\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" 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\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc9c0\uc6d0\uc790\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\ud574\uacb0 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud574 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc18c\uac1c\ud558\uace0, C++\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc2e4\uc2b5\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2. \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc18c\uac1c \ubca8\ub9cc-\ud3ec\ub4dc \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998(Bellman-Ford Algorithm)\uc740 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ucd9c\ubc1c\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ubaa8\ub4e0\u2026","rel":"","context":""C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c"\uc5d0\uc11c","block_context":{"text":"C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 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