{"id":27744,"date":"2024-10-27T14:43:32","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T14:43:32","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=27744"},"modified":"2024-11-26T07:15:37","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:15:37","slug":"c-%ec%bd%94%eb%94%a9%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%ec%b5%9c%ec%86%8c-%ea%b3%b5%ed%86%b5-%ec%a1%b0%ec%83%81-%ea%b5%ac%ed%95%98%ea%b8%b0-1-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27744\/","title":{"rendered":"C++ \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1 \uad6c\ud558\uae30 1"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n \ubcf8 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 C++ \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud574 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1(Lowest Common Ancestor, LCA)\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8f9\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc740 \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uc870\uc0c1\uc774\uba74\uc11c \ub450 \uc870\uc0c1 \uc911 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae4a\uc740 \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ud2b8\ub9ac \uc790\ub8cc\uad6c\uc870\uc640 \uae4a\uc774 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9(DFS)\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n

\ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n

\n \ud2b8\ub9ac\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ub54c, \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc A\uc640 B\uc758 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc744 \uad6c\ud558\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ud2b8\ub9ac\ub294 \ube44\uc5b4 \uc788\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba70, \uc911\ubcf5\ub41c \ub178\ub4dc\ub294 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \ubc88\ud638\ub294 1\ubd80\ud130 \uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n

\uc785\ub825 \ud615\uc2dd<\/h3>\n
\nN\nA B\n\uc5d0\uc11c N\uc740 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uc218, A\uc640 B\ub294 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc744 \ucc3e\uc744 \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n\n\ud2b8\ub9ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n\ubd80\ubaa8 \ub178\ub4dc\uc640 \uc790\uc2dd \ub178\ub4dc\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 M\uac1c\uc758 \uc904\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\uba70, \n\uac01 \uc904\uc740 'P C' \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubd80\ubaa8 P\uc640 \uc790\uc2dd C\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/pre>\n
\ucd9c\ub825 \ud615\uc2dd<\/h3>\n
\n\ub450 \ub178\ub4dc A\uc640 B\uc758 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc758 \ub178\ub4dc \ubc88\ud638\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/pre>\n
\uc608\uc81c<\/h2>\n
\uc785\ub825<\/h3>\n
\n7\n4 5\n4 6\n5 3\n6 2\n1 4\n1 7\n<\/pre>\n
\ucd9c\ub825<\/h3>\n
\n4\n<\/pre>\n
\ubb38\uc81c \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n
\n    \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud2b8\ub9ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0bc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n<\/p>\n
\n        1\n       \/ \\\n      4   7\n     \/ \\\n    5   6\n   \/     \\\n  3       2\n<\/pre>\n
\n    \ub178\ub4dc A(5)\uc640 B(3)\uc758 \ucd5c\uc0c1\uc704 \ubd80\ubaa8\uc778 4\uac00 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \ub9cc\uc57d \ub178\ub4dc A\uc640 B\uac00 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0, \uadf8 \ub178\ub4dc \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
\uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/h2>\n
\n    \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc5ec\uae30\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uae4a\uc774 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9(DFS)\uc640 \ubd80\ubaa8 \ub178\ub4dc \ucd94\uc801 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
1. \ud2b8\ub9ac \uad6c\uc870 \uc800\uc7a5<\/h3>\n
\n    \uba3c\uc800 \uc778\uc811 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud2b8\ub9ac\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd80\ubaa8 \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uba74 \uc790\uc2dd \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud2b8\ub9ac\ub97c \uad6c\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
2. DFS\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \uae4a\uc774 \uc800\uc7a5<\/h3>\n
\n    \uac01 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uace0, \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \ubd80\ubaa8\ub97c \ucd94\uc801\ud558\uc5ec LCA\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \uac01 \ub178\ub4dc\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uba74\uc11c \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud558\uace0, \ubd80\ubaa8 \ub178\ub4dc\ub3c4 \ud568\uaed8 \uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
3. LCA \uad6c\ud558\uae30<\/h3>\n
\n    \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc A\uc640 B\uc758 \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \ube44\uad50\ud558\uc5ec \uae4a\uc774\uac00 \uc595\uc740 \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \uc62c\ub9ac\uba74\uc11c \ubd80\ubaa8 \ub178\ub4dc\ub97c \ucd94\uc801\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \uac19\uc544\uc9c0\uba74 \uadf8 \ub178\ub4dc\uac00 LCA\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
C++ \ucf54\ub4dc \uad6c\ud604<\/h2>\n
\n    \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 C++\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n<\/p>\n
\n#include \n#include \n#include \n\nusing namespace std;\n\nvector tree[100001];\nint parent[100001];\nint depth[100001];\n\n\/\/ DFS\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c \uae4a\uc774\uc640 \ubd80\ubaa8 \uc800\uc7a5\nvoid dfs(int node, int par, int dep) {\n    parent[node] = par;\n    depth[node] = dep;\n    for (int child : tree[node]) {\n        if (child != par) {\n            dfs(child, node, dep + 1);\n        }\n    }\n}\n\n\/\/ \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 LCA \uad6c\ud558\uae30\nint findLCA(int a, int b) {\n    \/\/ \uae4a\uc774 \ub9de\ucd94\uae30\n    while (depth[a] > depth[b]) {\n        a = parent[a];\n    }\n    while (depth[b] > depth[a]) {\n        b = parent[b];\n    }\n\n    \/\/ LCA \ucc3e\uae30\n    while (a != b) {\n        a = parent[a];\n        b = parent[b];\n    }\n    return a;\n}\n\nint main() {\n    int N;\n    cin >> N;\n\n    for (int i = 0; i < N - 1; i++) {\n        int u, v;\n        cin >> u >> v;\n        tree[u].push_back(v);\n        tree[v].push_back(u);\n    }\n\n    \/\/ DFS\ub85c \uae4a\uc774\uc640 \ubd80\ubaa8 \uc815\ubcf4 \uc800\uc7a5\n    dfs(1, 0, 0);\n\n    int A, B;\n    cin >> A >> B;\n\n    cout << findLCA(A, B) << endl;\n    return 0;\n}\n<\/int><\/algorithm><\/vector><\/iostream><\/code><\/pre>\n
\ucf54\ub4dc \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n
1. \ud2b8\ub9ac \ud45c\ud604<\/h3>\n
\n    \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc785\ub825\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud2b8\ub9ac\ub97c \uc778\uc811 \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \uac01\uac01\uc758 \ubd80\ubaa8-\uc790\uc2dd \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uc5ec \ub098\uc911\uc5d0 DFS \ub3d9\uc548 \ucc38\uc870\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
2. DFS \ud568\uc218<\/h3>\n
\ndfs<\/code> \ud568\uc218\ub294 \ud604\uc7ac \ub178\ub4dc, \ubd80\ubaa8 \ub178\ub4dc, \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \uc785\ub825\ubc1b\uc544, \ud574\ub2f9 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \ubd80\ubaa8\uc640 \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uace0 \uc21c\ud68c\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \uc790\uc2dd \ub178\ub4dc\ub294 \ubd80\ubaa8\uc640 \ub3d9\uc77c\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \ub54c\ub9cc \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
3. LCA \ud568\uc218<\/h3>\n
\n    \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc\uc758 \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \uc870\uc815\ud55c \ub4a4, \ubd80\ubaa8\ub97c \ud0c0\uace0 \uc62c\ub77c\uac00\uba70 \ub450 \ub178\ub4dc\uac00 \uac19\uc544\uc9c0\ub294 \uc9c0\uc810\uc744 \ucc3e\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \uc774 \uc9c0\uc810\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
\n    \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucd5c\uc18c \uacf5\ud1b5 \uc870\uc0c1 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uac1c\ub150, \uc811\uadfc\ubc95 \ubc0f C++ \uad6c\ud604\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ud2b8\ub9ac \uc790\ub8cc\uad6c\uc870\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc751\uc6a9 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc790\uc8fc \ub4f1\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n    \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uae30\ub974\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uac01\ub3c4\ub85c \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud480\uc5b4\ubcf4\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n<\/p>\n
<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
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