{"id":27944,"date":"2024-10-27T15:20:29","date_gmt":"2024-10-27T15:20:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=27944"},"modified":"2024-11-26T07:13:21","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T07:13:21","slug":"%ec%9e%90%eb%b0%94%ec%8a%a4%ed%81%ac%eb%a6%bd%ed%8a%b8-%ec%bd%94%eb%94%a9%ed%85%8c%ec%8a%a4%ed%8a%b8-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%ec%99%b8%ed%8c%90%ec%9b%90%ec%9d%98-%ec%88%9c%ed%9a%8c-%ea%b2%bd%eb%a1%9c","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27944\/","title":{"rendered":"\uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \uacbd\ub85c \uc9dc\uae30"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \ucd9c\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 <strong>\uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c(Traveling Salesman Problem, TSP)<\/strong>\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc640 \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(Dynamic Programming)\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>1. \ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n<p>\uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uba70, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ud55c \ubc88\uc529 \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ucd9c\ubc1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c \uc911 \ucd5c\uc18c \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uac04\uc758 \uc774\ub3d9 \ube44\uc6a9\uc774 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c0\ub294 \uac70\ub9ac \ud589\ub82c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub418\uba70, \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc740 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ud55c\ubc88\uc529 \ubc29\ubb38\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>2. \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ud45c\ud604<\/h2>\n<p>\ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uac1c\uc218\ub97c <strong>N<\/strong>\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \ud560 \ub54c, \ub3c4\uc2dc \uac04\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac \ud589\ub82c\uc740 <code>cost[i][j]<\/code> \ud615\ud0dc\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <code>cost[i][j]<\/code>\ub294 \ub3c4\uc2dc <code>i<\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\uc2dc <code>j<\/code>\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc774 \ubc29\ubb38\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \uacbd\ub85c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud45c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre>\nmin(cost[0][1] + cost[1][2] + ... + cost[N-1][0])\n<\/pre>\n<h2>3. \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/h2>\n<p>\uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 NP-hard \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc18d\ud558\ubbc0\ub85c, \uc644\uc804 \ud0d0\uc0c9(Brute Force \ubc29\uc2dd)\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\uac00 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub192\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub530\ub77c\uc11c <strong>\ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(Dynamic Programming)<\/strong>\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub354 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc811\uadfc\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud0b9\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud0b9\uc740 \uac01 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ube44\ud2b8\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud558\uc5ec \ubc29\ubb38 \uc5ec\ubd80\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uccb4\ud06c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798\uc758 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc811\uadfc\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>3.1 \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud0b9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc \ud45c\ud604<\/h3>\n<p>\ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ub3c4\uc2dc\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud06c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub3c4\uc2dc\uac00 4\uac1c\uc77c \uacbd\uc6b0:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>0000: \uc544\ubb34 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub3c4 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc74c<\/li>\n<li>0001: \ub3c4\uc2dc 0 \ubc29\ubb38<\/li>\n<li>0010: \ub3c4\uc2dc 1 \ubc29\ubb38<\/li>\n<li>0011: \ub3c4\uc2dc 0\uacfc \ub3c4\uc2dc 1 \ubc29\ubb38<\/li>\n<li>&#8230;\uc774\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc870\ud569\uc744 \ud45c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>3.2 \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \ud14c\uc774\ube14 \uc815\uc758<\/h3>\n<p>DP \ud14c\uc774\ube14 <code>dp[mask][i]<\/code>\ub294 <code>mask<\/code>\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud558\ub294 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uace0, \ub3c4\uc2dc <code>i<\/code>\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd9c\ubc1c\ud588\uc744 \ub54c\uc758 \ucd5c\uc18c \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \uc800\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd08\uae30 \uc0c1\ud0dc\uc5d0\uc11c <code>mask<\/code>\ub294 1\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub294 \ubb34\ud55c\ub300(INFINITY)\ub85c \ucd08\uae30\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>4. \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uad6c\ud604<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc791\uc131\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\nfunction tsp(cost) {\n    const N = cost.length;\n    const INF = Number.MAX_SAFE_INTEGER;\n    const dp = new Array(1 &lt;&lt; N).fill(null).map(() =&gt; new Array(N).fill(INF));\n    \n    \/\/ Starting point\n    dp[1][0] = 0;\n\n    for (let mask = 0; mask &lt; (1 &lt;&lt; N); mask++) {\n        for (let u = 0; u &lt; N; u++) {\n            if (dp[mask][u] === INF) continue; \/\/ Skip if u is not visited\n\n            \/\/ Visit all other cities not in the current mask\n            for (let v = 0; v &lt; N; v++) {\n                if (mask &amp; (1 &lt;&lt; v)) continue; \/\/ Skip if v is already visited\n\n                const nextMask = mask | (1 &lt;&lt; v);\n                dp[nextMask][v] = Math.min(dp[nextMask][v], dp[mask][u] + cost[u][v]);\n            }\n        }\n    }\n\n    let ans = INF;\n    for (let i = 1; i &lt; N; i++) {\n        ans = Math.min(ans, dp[(1 &lt;&lt; N) - 1][i] + cost[i][0]);\n    }\n\n    return ans;\n}\n<\/pre>\n<h2>5. \uc2dc\uac04 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ub3c4\ub294 <code>O(N^2 * 2^N)<\/code>\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud0b9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc DP \ud14c\uc774\ube14 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8 \uacfc\uc815\uc774 \uacb0\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ub3c4\uc2dc \uc218\uac00 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uba74 \uc0c1\ub2f9\ud55c \uc5f0\uc0b0 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc18c\uc694\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uace0\ub85c \uc774 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 N\uc774 20 \uc774\ud558\uc77c \ub54c\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc2e4\uc6a9\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>6. \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubc0f \uc608\uc81c<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc608\uc81c\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ub3c4\uc2dc \uac04\uc758 \ube44\uc6a9 \ud589\ub82c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre>\nconst costMatrix = [\n    [0, 10, 15, 20],\n    [10, 0, 35, 25],\n    [15, 35, 0, 30],\n    [20, 25, 30, 0]\n];\nconsole.log(tsp(costMatrix)); \/\/ Expected output: 80\n<\/pre>\n<h2>7. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uba74\uc11c \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uacfc \ube44\ud2b8\ub9c8\uc2a4\ud0b9\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uacbd\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \uae30\ubc95\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \uc774\ub3d9 \uacbd\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc778\ud130\ub137 \uae30\uc5c5\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \ubb38\uc81c \ub4f1 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0 \uc751\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uac00 \uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uc5c8\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub77c\uba70, \ucd94\uac00\uc801\uc778 \uc5f0\uc2b5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud558\uc5ec \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud480\uc774\ud558\uc2dc\uba74 \uc88b\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4!<\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \ucd9c\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c(Traveling Salesman Problem, TSP)\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc640 \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(Dynamic Programming)\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85 \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uba70, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ud55c \ubc88\uc529 \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ucd9c\ubc1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c \uc911 \ucd5c\uc18c \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27944\/\" class=\"more-link\">\ub354 \ubcf4\uae30<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;\uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \uacbd\ub85c \uc9dc\uae30&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[26],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-27944","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-26"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>\uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \uacbd\ub85c \uc9dc\uae30 - \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27944\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \uacbd\ub85c \uc9dc\uae30 - \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\uc548\ub155\ud558\uc138\uc694! \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \ucd9c\uc81c\ub418\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc778 \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c(Traveling Salesman Problem, TSP)\ub97c \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5b4 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc640 \ub3d9\uc801 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d(Dynamic Programming)\uc758 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uac1c\ub150\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \ubb38\uc81c \uc124\uba85 \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \ubb38\uc81c\ub294 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub4e4 \uc0ac\uc774\ub97c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uba70, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub97c \ud55c \ubc88\uc529 \ubc29\ubb38\ud55c \ud6c4 \ucd9c\ubc1c \ub3c4\uc2dc\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uc624\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c \uc911 \ucd5c\uc18c \ube44\uc6a9\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 &hellip; \ub354 \ubcf4\uae30 &quot;\uc790\ubc14\uc2a4\ud06c\ub9bd\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \uc678\ud310\uc6d0\uc758 \uc21c\ud68c \uacbd\ub85c \uc9dc\uae30&quot;\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/27944\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"\ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\" \/>\n<meta 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