\n\n \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8\ub294 \uc560\ud50c \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c, iOS \ubc0f macOS \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc5d0 \ub9ce\uc774 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \ud480\uc774 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \ucde8\uc5c5\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc744 \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294
\n \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc918\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\uc740 \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud480\uc774\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9(DFS)
\n \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uacfc \ub108\ube44 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9(BFS) \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\ubb38\uc81c \uc815\uc758<\/h2>\n
\n \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 2D \ubc30\uc5f4\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub41c \ubbf8\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\ucc29\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ubbf8\ub85c\ub294 0\uacfc 1\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, 0\uc740 \uc774\ub3d9 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uacf5\uac04, 1\uc740 \ubcbd\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc2dc\uc791\uc810\uc740 (0, 0)\uc774\uba70 \ub3c4\ucc29\uc810\uc740 (n-1, m-1)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc608\uc2dc \ubbf8\ub85c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n <\/p>\n
\n 0 0 1 0 0\n 1 0 1 0 1\n 0 0 0 0 1\n 0 1 1 0 0\n 0 0 0 0 0\n <\/pre>\n\uc785\ub825 \ud615\uc2dd<\/h2>\n
\n n x m \ud06c\uae30\uc758 2D \ubc30\uc5f4\uc774 \uc785\ub825\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. 0\uacfc 1\ub85c \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c4 \ubc30\uc5f4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\ucd9c\ub825 \ud615\uc2dd<\/h2>\n
\n \uc2dc\uc791\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3c4\ucc29\uc810\uae4c\uc9c0\uc758 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\uc758 \uae38\uc774\ub97c \ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9cc\uc57d \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 -1\uc744 \ucd9c\ub825\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\ubb38\uc81c \ud480\uc774 \uc811\uadfc\ubc95<\/h2>\n
\n \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud480\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4
\n DFS(Depth First Search)\uc640 BFS(Breadth First Search)\uac00 \uac00\uc7a5 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n BFS\ub294 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc801\ud569\ud55c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac01\uac01\uc758 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc124\uba85\uc744 \ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
BFS (\ub108\ube44 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9)<\/h3>\n
\n BFS\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc815\uc810\uc744 \ub808\ubca8 \ubcc4\ub85c \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2dc\uc791 \uc815\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc811\ud55c \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc815\uc810\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud558\uace0,
\n \uadf8 \ub2e4\uc74c \ub2e8\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc778\uc811\ud55c \uc815\uc810\uc744 \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uc5ec \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. BFS\ub294 \ud050(Queue)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uba70,
\n \uac01 \uc815\uc810\uc744 \ubc29\ubb38\ud560 \ub54c\ub9c8\ub2e4 \uacbd\ub85c\uc758 \uae4a\uc774\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. BFS\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uc740 O(V + E)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
DFS (\uae4a\uc774 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9)<\/h3>\n
\n DFS\ub294 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uc758 \ud55c \uc815\uc810\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uc5ec \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \uae4a\uac8c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud55c \ub2e4\uc74c, \ub354 \uc774\uc0c1 \uac08 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub294 \uc9c0\uc810\uc5d0 \ub3c4\ub2ec\ud558\uba74
\n \uc774\uc804 \ub2e8\uacc4\ub85c \ub3cc\uc544\uac00\uc11c \ub2e4\ub978 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. DFS\ub294 \uc2a4\ud0dd(Stack)\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uba70,
\n \ubc29\ubb38 \uc21c\uc11c\uac00 \uae4a\uc774\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4. DFS\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc774\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub530\ub77c\uc11c \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0\ub294 BFS\uac00 \ub354 \uc801\ud569\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. DFS\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc744 O(V + E)\uc774\uba70, \uacf5\uac04 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\ub3c4 O(V)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \uc124\uacc4<\/h3>\n
\n \uadf8\ub7fc \uc774\uc81c BFS\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc124\uacc4\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub2e4\uc74c \ub2e8\uacc4\ub85c \ub098\uc544\uac00\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uace0 \uc124\uc815\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\n \/\/ \ubbf8\ub85c \ud06c\uae30 n, m\n let n = \ubbf8\ub85c.count\n let m = \ubbf8\ub85c[0].count\n \/\/ \ubc29\ud5a5 \ubc30\uc5f4 (\uc0c1, \ud558, \uc88c, \uc6b0)\n let directions = [(0, 1), (1, 0), (0, -1), (-1, 0)]\n var queue: [(Int, Int)] = []\n \/\/ \uc2dc\uc791\uc810 (0, 0)\uc5d0\uc11c \ud050\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\n queue.append((0, 0))\n \/\/ \ubc29\ubb38 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc30\uc5f4\n var visited = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: m), count: n)\n visited[0][0] = true\n \/\/ \uac70\ub9ac \ubc30\uc5f4\n var distance = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: m), count: n)\n distance[0][0] = 0\n <\/pre>\n\ucf54\ub4dc \uad6c\ud604<\/h2>\n
\n \ucf54\ub4dc\ub85c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798\ub294 \uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud55c BFS \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\n func bfs(maze: [[Int]]) -> Int {\n let n = maze.count\n let m = maze[0].count\n let directions = [(0, 1), (1, 0), (0, -1), (-1, 0)]\n var queue: [(Int, Int)] = []\n var visited = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: false, count: m), count: n)\n var distance = Array(repeating: Array(repeating: -1, count: m), count: n)\n \n queue.append((0, 0))\n visited[0][0] = true\n distance[0][0] = 0\n \n while !queue.isEmpty {\n let (x, y) = queue.removeFirst()\n \n for direction in directions {\n let newX = x + direction.0\n let newY = y + direction.1\n \n if newX >= 0 && newY >= 0 && newX < n && newY < m &&\n maze[newX][newY] == 0 && !visited[newX][newY] {\n visited[newX][newY] = true\n distance[newX][newY] = distance[x][y] + 1\n queue.append((newX, newY))\n }\n }\n }\n \n return distance[n-1][m-1] != -1 ? distance[n-1][m-1] : -1\n }\n\n let maze = [\n [0, 0, 1, 0, 0],\n [1, 0, 1, 0, 1],\n [0, 0, 0, 0, 1],\n [0, 1, 1, 0, 0],\n [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]\n ]\n\n let result = bfs(maze: maze)\n print(result) \/\/ \uacb0\uacfc: 8\n <\/pre>\n\ucf54\ub4dc \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n
\n \uc704\uc758 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 BFS \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubbf8\ub85c\ub97c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uace0 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 (0, 0) \uc88c\ud45c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uba70, \ud050\uc640 \ubc29\ubb38 \uc5ec\ubd80 \ubc30\uc5f4, \uac70\ub9ac \ubc30\uc5f4\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ud050\uc5d0\uc11c \ud558\ub098\uc758 \uc88c\ud45c\ub97c \uaebc\ub0b4\uba74, \uadf8 \uc88c\ud45c\uc758 \uc778\uc811 \uc88c\ud45c\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uccb4\ud06c\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\ub3d9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc88c\ud45c\ub77c\uba74 \ud050\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uace0,
\n \ubc29\ubb38 \ubc30\uc5f4\uacfc \uac70\ub9ac \ubc30\uc5f4\uc744 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9c8\uc9c0\ub9c9\uc5d0\ub294 \ub3c4\ucc29\uc810\uc758 \uac70\ub9ac \uac12\uc744 \ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub3c4\ucc29\ud560 \uc218 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uba74 -1\uc744 \ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
\n \uc774\ubc88 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8\ub85c \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n BFS \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ucd5c\ub2e8 \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ucc3e\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c, \ud050\uc640 \ucc28\uc6d0 \ubc30\uc5f4\uc744 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ucde8\uc5c5 \uba74\uc811\uc5d0\uc11c \uc885\uc885 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ucd9c\uc81c\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c, \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \uc5f0\uc2b5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub354\uc6b1 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub178\ub825\ud574\uc57c
\n \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8\ub85c \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uae30\ucd08\uc801\uc778 \uac1c\ub150\ub4e4\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n<\/article>\n
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\ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc5b8\uc5b4 \uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8\ub294 \uc560\ud50c \uc0dd\ud0dc\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uc5b8\uc5b4\ub85c, iOS \ubc0f macOS \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc5d0 \ub9ce\uc774 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998 \ubb38\uc81c \ud480\uc774 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac16\ucd94\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\ud788 \ucde8\uc5c5\uc744 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc744 \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc918\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc624\ub298\uc740 \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud480\uc774\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uae4a\uc774 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9(DFS) \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uacfc \ub108\ube44 \uc6b0\uc120 \ud0d0\uc0c9(BFS) \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \ube44\uad50\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubb38\uc81c \uc815\uc758 … \ub354 \ubcf4\uae30 “\uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uae30”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[27],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-28166","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-27"],"yoast_head":"\n\uc2a4\uc704\ud504\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub529\ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac15\uc88c, \ubbf8\ub85c \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\uae30 - 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