{"id":30038,"date":"2024-10-28T03:19:16","date_gmt":"2024-10-28T03:19:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=30038"},"modified":"2024-11-26T06:50:19","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T06:50:19","slug":"%eb%94%a5%eb%9f%ac%eb%8b%9d-%ed%8c%8c%ec%9d%b4%ed%86%a0%ec%b9%98-%ea%b0%95%ec%a2%8c-%eb%a8%b8%ec%8b%a0-%eb%9f%ac%eb%8b%9d%ec%9d%b4%eb%9e%80","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/30038\/","title":{"rendered":"\ub525\ub7ec\ub2dd \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58 \uac15\uc88c, \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc774\ub780"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<h2>1. \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uc815\uc758<\/h2>\n<p>\uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd(Machine Learning)\uc740 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uac00 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\uc5ec \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5\uc758 \ud558\uc704 \ubd84\uc57c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\ub3c4 \ud559\uc2b5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0, \uc608\uce21\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \uc758\uc0ac \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>2. \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc6d0\ub9ac<\/h2>\n<p>\uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc791\ub3d9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc218\uc9d1: \ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc218\uc9d1\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ucc98\ub9ac: \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ud488\uc9c8\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uacb0\uce21\uce58 \ucc98\ub9ac, \uc815\uaddc\ud654 \ub4f1\uc758 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ubaa8\ub378 \uc120\ud0dd: \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \uc801\ud569\ud55c \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ud559\uc2b5: \uc120\ud0dd\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ub9de\ucdb0 \ud559\uc2b5\uc2dc\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ud3c9\uac00: \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \ud3c9\uac00\ud558\uace0, \ud544\uc694\uc2dc \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc870\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc608\uce21: \ud559\uc2b5\ub41c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc608\uce21\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>3. \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uc885\ub958<\/h2>\n<p>\uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \uc8fc\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c \uc138 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc720\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub20c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ud559\uc2b5(Supervised Learning)<\/strong>: \uc785\ub825\uacfc \ucd9c\ub825 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c8 \ub54c, \uc785\ub825\uacfc \ucd9c\ub825 \uac04\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \ud559\uc2b5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ub85c \ud68c\uadc0\uc640 \ubd84\ub958 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ud574\ub2f9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ube44\uc9c0\ub3c4 \ud559\uc2b5(Unsupervised Learning)<\/strong>: \ucd9c\ub825 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc5c6\ub294 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub098 \ud328\ud134\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \ub370 \uc9d1\uc911\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud074\ub7ec\uc2a4\ud130\ub9c1\uc774 \ub300\ud45c\uc801\uc778 \uc608\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\uac15\ud654 \ud559\uc2b5(Reinforcement Learning)<\/strong>: \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uac00 \ud658\uacbd\uacfc \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uba70 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \ucd5c\ub300\ud654\ud558\ub294 \uc804\ub7b5\uc744 \ud559\uc2b5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58(PyTorch)\ub780?<\/h2>\n<p>\ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58(PyTorch)\ub294 \ud398\uc774\uc2a4\ubd81\uc5d0\uc11c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud55c \uc624\ud508\uc18c\uc2a4 \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub85c, \uc8fc\ub85c \ub525\ub7ec\ub2dd\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58\ub294 \ub3d9\uc801 \uacc4\uc0b0 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uc5ec \uc720\uc5f0\ud558\uace0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc778 \ucf54\ub4dc \uc791\uc131\uc744 \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc790\uc640 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c \uc778\uae30 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\uc720 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>\ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \ud2b9\uc9d5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>\ub3d9\uc801 \uacc4\uc0b0 \uadf8\ub798\ud504:<\/strong> \ucf54\ub4dc\uac00 \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\ub294 \uc989\uc2dc \uacc4\uc0b0 \uadf8\ub798\ud504\uac00 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\ubbc0\ub85c, \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \ubcc0\uacbd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud150\uc11c \uc5f0\uc0b0:<\/strong> Numpy\uc640 \ube44\uc2b7\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud150\uc11c \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4, \ud559\uc2b5 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uc804\ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>GPU \uc9c0\uc6d0:<\/strong> GPU\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub300\uaddc\ubaa8 \uc5f0\uc0b0\uc744 \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li><strong>\ud655\uc7a5\uc131:<\/strong> \ucee4\uc2a4\ud140 \ub808\uc774\uc5b4\uc640 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc27d\uac8c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ub525\ub7ec\ub2dd \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5. \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \uc2e4\uc2b5<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 Iris \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uaf43\uc758 \uc885\ub958\ub97c \ubd84\ub958\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>5.1. \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b \ub85c\ub529<\/h3>\n<p>\uba3c\uc800 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud558\uace0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ub85c\ub4dc\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\n<code>\nimport torch\nimport torch.nn as nn\nimport torch.optim as optim\nfrom sklearn import datasets\nfrom sklearn.model_selection import train_test_split\nfrom sklearn.preprocessing import StandardScaler\nfrom sklearn.preprocessing import LabelEncoder\nimport numpy as np\n<\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n<h3>5.2. \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ucc98\ub9ac<\/h3>\n<p>Iris \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b\uc744 \ub85c\ub4dc\ud55c \ud6c4, feature\uc640 label\uc744 \ubd84\ub9ac\ud558\uace0 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc804\ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\n<code>\n# Iris \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc14b \ub85c\ub4dc\niris = datasets.load_iris()\nX = iris.data\ny = iris.target\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubd84\ud560\nX_train, X_test, y_train, y_test = train_test_split(X, y, test_size=0.2, random_state=42)\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc815\uaddc\ud654\nscaler = StandardScaler()\nX_train = scaler.fit_transform(X_train)\nX_test = scaler.transform(X_test)\n\n# \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud150\uc11c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\nX_train_tensor = torch.FloatTensor(X_train)\ny_train_tensor = torch.LongTensor(y_train)\nX_test_tensor = torch.FloatTensor(X_test)\ny_test_tensor = torch.LongTensor(y_test)\n<\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n<h3>5.3. \ubaa8\ub378 \uc815\uc758<\/h3>\n<p>\uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc2e0\uacbd\ub9dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc785\ub825\uce35, \uc740\ub2c9\uce35, \ucd9c\ub825\uce35\uc73c\ub85c \uad6c\uc131\ub41c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\n<code>\nclass IrisModel(nn.Module):\n    def __init__(self):\n        super(IrisModel, self).__init__()\n        self.fc1 = nn.Linear(4, 10)  # 4\uac1c\uc758 \uc785\ub825 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uacfc 10\uac1c\uc758 \uc740\ub2c9 \ub178\ub4dc\n        self.fc2 = nn.Linear(10, 3)   # 10\uac1c\uc758 \uc740\ub2c9 \ub178\ub4dc\uc640 3\uac1c\uc758 \ucd9c\ub825 \ub178\ub4dc (\uaf43\uc758 \uc885\ub958)\n\n    def forward(self, x):\n        x = torch.relu(self.fc1(x))  # \ud65c\uc131\ud654 \ud568\uc218\ub85c ReLU \uc0ac\uc6a9\n        x = self.fc2(x)\n        return x\n\nmodel = IrisModel()\n<\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n<h3>5.4. \ubaa8\ub378 \ud559\uc2b5<\/h3>\n<p>\uc190\uc2e4 \ud568\uc218\uc640 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uae30\ubc95\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud55c \ud6c4 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud559\uc2b5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\n<code>\n# \uc190\uc2e4 \ud568\uc218 \ubc0f \ucd5c\uc801\ud654 \uae30\ubc95 \uc815\uc758\ncriterion = nn.CrossEntropyLoss()\noptimizer = optim.Adam(model.parameters(), lr=0.01)\n\n# \ubaa8\ub378 \ud559\uc2b5\nnum_epochs = 100\nfor epoch in range(num_epochs):\n    model.train()\n    \n    # \uc21c\uc804\ud30c\n    outputs = model(X_train_tensor)\n    loss = criterion(outputs, y_train_tensor)\n    \n    # \uc5ed\uc804\ud30c \ubc0f \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\n    optimizer.zero_grad()\n    loss.backward()\n    optimizer.step()\n    \n    if (epoch+1) % 10 == 0:\n        print(f'Epoch [{epoch+1}\/{num_epochs}], Loss: {loss.item():.4f}')\n<\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n<h3>5.5. \ubaa8\ub378 \ud3c9\uac00<\/h3>\n<p>\ud559\uc2b5\ub41c \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc608\uce21\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\uace0 \uc815\ud655\ub3c4\ub97c \ud3c9\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<pre>\n<code>\n# \ubaa8\ub378 \ud3c9\uac00\nmodel.eval()\nwith torch.no_grad():\n    test_outputs = model(X_test_tensor)\n    _, predicted = torch.max(test_outputs.data, 1)\n    accuracy = (predicted == y_test_tensor).sum().item() \/ y_test_tensor.size(0)\n    print(f'\uc815\ud655\ub3c4: {accuracy:.2f}')\n<\/code>\n    <\/pre>\n<h2>6. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc744 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uc704\ud55c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c \ub354 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc8fc\uc81c\ub85c \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc5f0\uad6c\ub97c \ud558\uc2dc\uae38 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\ub525\ub7ec\ub2dd\uacfc \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uc774 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc758 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub418\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4!<\/p>\n<p><\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>1. \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uc815\uc758 \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd(Machine Learning)\uc740 \ucef4\ud4e8\ud130\uac00 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\uc5ec \ud2b9\uc815 \uc791\uc5c5\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uc778\uacf5\uc9c0\ub2a5\uc758 \ud558\uc704 \ubd84\uc57c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc740 \uba85\uc2dc\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uace0\ub3c4 \ud559\uc2b5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ud2b9\uc9d5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc5d0\uc11c \ud328\ud134\uc744 \uc778\uc2dd\ud558\uace0, \uc608\uce21\uc744 \ud558\uba70, \uc758\uc0ac \uacb0\uc815\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. 2. \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uc6d0\ub9ac \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/30038\/\" class=\"more-link\">\ub354 \ubcf4\uae30<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;\ub525\ub7ec\ub2dd \ud30c\uc774\ud1a0\uce58 \uac15\uc88c, \uba38\uc2e0 \ub7ec\ub2dd\uc774\ub780&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[33],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-30038","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-33"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is 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