{"id":38420,"date":"2024-11-01T18:16:45","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T18:16:45","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=38420"},"modified":"2024-11-26T06:44:23","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T06:44:23","slug":"fastapi-%ec%84%9c%eb%b2%84%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c-%ec%8a%a4%ed%82%a4%eb%a7%88-%ec%9d%91%eb%8b%b5-%ed%83%80%ec%9e%85-%ec%a0%95%ec%9d%98%ec%9d%98-%ea%b0%95%eb%a0%a5%ed%95%a8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/38420\/","title":{"rendered":"FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uac1c\ubc1c, \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8 – \uc751\ub2f5, \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud568"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

\n

\n FastAPI\ub294 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc6f9 API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \uace0\uc131\ub2a5 Python \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c, Starlette\uacfc Pydantic\uc744 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uac00 \ube60\ub974\uac8c API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\uc9c0\ub9cc, \uc774 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc758 \uc9c4\uc815\ud55c \ud798\uc740 \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\uc640 \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uc5d0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI\uc758 \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0, \uc751\ub2f5 \ubc0f \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c API\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131, \ubb38\uc11c\ud654, \uc720\uc6a9\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

1. FastAPI\ub780?<\/h2>\n

\n FastAPI\ub294 \ube60\ub974\uace0 \uc27d\uac8c API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\ub294 Python \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d \uc9c0\uc6d0, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \ubc0f \uc790\ub3d9 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 \ud2b9\ud788 RESTful API\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud558\uba70, Pydantic\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d, \uc9c1\ub82c\ud654 \ubc0f \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

2. \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\uc758 \uac1c\ub150<\/h2>\n

\n \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8(Schema)\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uccad\uc0ac\uc9c4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. API\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \uc694\uccad\uacfc \uc751\ub2f5\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5a4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294\uc9c0 \uba85\ud655\ud558\uac8c \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Pydantic \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc27d\uac8c \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uac80\uc0ac\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc218\ud589\ud558\uace0, \ube44\uc988\ub2c8\uc2a4 \ub85c\uc9c1\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

2.1 Pydantic \uc18c\uac1c<\/h3>\n

\n Pydantic\uc740 Python \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \ubc0f \uc124\uc815 \uad00\ub9ac \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc640 \ud1b5\ud569\ub418\uc5b4 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uac80\uc0ac, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\ud658 \ubc0f \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8 \uc0dd\uc131 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. Pydantic\uc740 \ud0c0\uc785 \ud78c\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\uace0, \ub355\ud0c0\uc774\ud551(duck typing)\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud0c0\uc785\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc744 \uac80\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

3. \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uc758 \ud798<\/h2>\n

\n FastAPI\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0c0\uc785 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 API\uc758 \uc2e0\ub8b0\uc131\uc744 \ub192\uc774\uace0, \uc790\ub3d9 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub97c \uac00\ub2a5\ud558\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0c0\uc785\uc744 \uba85\uc2dc\ud558\uba74, FastAPI\ub294 \uc774\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \ud0c0\uc785\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc694\uccad\ud558\uba74 FastAPI\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc624\ub958\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\ub294 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc548\uc804\ud558\uace0 \uc77c\uad00\ub41c API\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

3.1 \uc608\uc81c \ucf54\ub4dc\uc640 \uc124\uba85<\/h3>\n

\uc544\ub798\ub294 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c FastAPI \uc571\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\ub294 \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

from fastapi import FastAPI\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\nfrom typing import List\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n    id: int\n    name: str\n    price: float\n\nclass ResponseModel(BaseModel):\n    message: str\n    items: List[Item]\n\n@app.get(\"\/items\/\", response_model=ResponseModel)\nasync def get_items():\n    fake_items = [\n        {\"id\": 1, \"name\": \"Item 1\", \"price\": 10.5},\n        {\"id\": 2, \"name\": \"Item 2\", \"price\": 20.0},\n    ]\n    return {\"message\": \"Items retrieved successfully\", \"items\": fake_items}\n        <\/code><\/pre>\n
\n            \uc704\uc758 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 FastAPI\uc640 Pydantic\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c GET API\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. Item<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 \uac1c\ubcc4 \uc544\uc774\ud15c\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. ResponseModel<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 API \uc751\ub2f5\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. get_items<\/code> \ud568\uc218\ub294 \uc544\uc774\ud15c \ubaa9\ub85d\uc744 \ubc18\ud658\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub54c response_model<\/code> \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud574 \uc751\ub2f5 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 FastAPI\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c JSON \uc751\ub2f5\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc744 \uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
4. \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d<\/h2>\n
\n            Pydantic\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d\uc744 \uc27d\uac8c \uc218\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubaa8\ub378 \uc815\uc758 \uc2dc \ud0c0\uc785 \ud78c\ud2b8\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uba74 FastAPI\ub294 \uc774 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec API \uc694\uccad\uc744 \uac80\uc99d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc694\uccad \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc73c\uba74 FastAPI\ub294 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc624\ub958 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
4.1 \uc694\uccad \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \uc608\uc81c<\/h3>\n
\n            \uc544\ub798\ub294 POST \uc694\uccad\uc73c\ub85c \uc544\uc774\ud15c\uc744 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\ub294 API\uc758 \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\nfrom typing import List\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n    id: int\n    name: str\n    price: float\n\nitems = []\n\n@app.post(\"\/items\/\", response_model=Item)\nasync def create_item(item: Item):\n    for existing_item in items:\n        if existing_item.id == item.id:\n            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=\"Item with this ID already exists.\")\n    items.append(item)\n    return item\n        <\/code><\/pre>\n
\n            \uc704\uc758 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 POST \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc544\uc774\ud15c\uc744 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\ub294 API\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. Item<\/code>\uc774 \uc774\ubbf8 \uc874\uc7ac\ud558\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud558\ub294 \ub85c\uc9c1\uc744 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc744 \uad00\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc694\uccad(body)\uc744 Item<\/code> \ud0c0\uc785\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\uace0, \ud0c0\uc785 \uac80\uc99d\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
5. \uc790\ub3d9 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654<\/h2>\n
\n            FastAPI\ub294 OpenAPI \uc2a4\ud399\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc11c\uc5d0\ub294 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8, \uc694\uccad \ubc0f \uc751\ub2f5 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ub098\uc5f4\ub418\uba70, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uce5c\ud654\uc801\uc778 UI\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc758 \uc790\ub3d9\ud654\ub41c \ubb38\uc11c\ud654 \uae30\ub2a5\uc740 API\uc758 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uac00 API\ub97c \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc27d\uac8c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
5.1 Swagger UI\uc640 ReDoc<\/h3>\n
\n            FastAPI\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c Swagger UI\uc640 ReDoc\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\uc800\uc5d0\uc11c http:\/\/localhost:8000\/docs<\/code>\uc5d0 \uc811\uadfc\ud558\uba74 Swagger UI\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \ubcfc \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \/redoc<\/code> \uacbd\ub85c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 ReDoc\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218\ub3c4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubb38\uc11c\ub4e4\uc740 API\uc758 \ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8, \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
6. \uc2e4\uc804 \uc608\uc81c – \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 API<\/h2>\n
\n            \uc774\uc81c FastAPI\uc758 \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uc640 \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud568\uc744 \uc2e4\uc81c\ub85c \uad6c\ud604\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\uace0, \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8 \ubc0f \ub313\uae00\uc744 \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ucd94\uac00\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
6.1 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \ubaa8\ub378 \uc815\uc758<\/h3>\n
\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI, HTTPException\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\nfrom typing import List\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\nclass Comment(BaseModel):\n    username: str\n    content: str\n\nclass Post(BaseModel):\n    id: int\n    title: str\n    content: str\n    comments: List[Comment] = []\n\nposts = []\n\n@app.post(\"\/posts\/\", response_model=Post)\nasync def create_post(post: Post):\n    for existing_post in posts:\n        if existing_post.id == post.id:\n            raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=\"Post with this ID already exists.\")\n    posts.append(post)\n    return post\n\n@app.get(\"\/posts\/\", response_model=List[Post])\nasync def get_posts():\n    return posts\n        <\/code><\/pre>\n
\n            \uc704\uc758 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc640 \ub313\uae00\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube14\ub85c\uadf8 API\uc5d0\ub294 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uace0 \uc870\ud68c\ud558\ub294 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\uac00 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. create_post<\/code> \ud568\uc218\ub294 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8 \uac1d\uccb4\ub97c \ub9ac\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uace0, \uc911\ubcf5 ID\ub97c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc624\ub958 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
7. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
\n            FastAPI\ub294 \ube60\ub974\uace0 \uac04\ud3b8\ud55c API \uad6c\ucd95\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Pydantic\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uc640 \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8 \uad00\ub9ac \uae30\ub2a5\uc740 API\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131 \ubc0f \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\uc758 \uc9c8\uc744 \ub192\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\ub4e4\uc740 \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uac00 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc548\uc804\ud558\uace0 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 API\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n
\n            \ubcf8 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc2a4\ud0a4\ub9c8\uc640 \ud0c0\uc785 \uc815\uc758\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131\uc744 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc2e4\uc804 \uc608\uc81c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 API\ub97c \uc791\uc131\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc0c1\ud669\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8e8\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc758 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub4e4\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 API \uac1c\ubc1c\uc774 \ub354\uc6b1 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uc990\uac70\uc6b4 \uacbd\ud5d8\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n        <\/p>\n