\uc624\ub298\ub0a0\uc758 \uc6f9 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d\uc774 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc2e0\uc6d0\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0 \ubcf4\ud638\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc778\uc99d \ubc29\ubc95\uc774 \uc874\uc7ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \ud3ec\uc2a4\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 Python\uc73c\ub85c \uc4f0\uc778 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c, \ube60\ub978 \uc131\ub2a5\uacfc \uc27d\uac8c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 API \uc124\uacc4\ub85c \uc778\uae30\ub97c \ub04c\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
FastAPI\ub294 Python 3.6 \uc774\uc0c1\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, AsyncIO\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub610\ud55c \uc790\ub3d9 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uc5ec Swagger UI \ubc0f ReDoc\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 Pydantic\uc744 \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \ubc0f \uc124\uc815 \uad00\ub9ac\ub97c \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \uc2e0\uc6d0\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0, \uc774\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \uad8c\ud55c\uc744 \ubd80\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc774\uc720\ub85c \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
FastAPI\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac00\uc7a5 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 JWT (JSON Web Token)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. JWT\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub97c \uc778\uc99d\ud558\uace0 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc548\uc804\ud558\uac8c \uc804\uc1a1\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud1a0\ud070 \uae30\ubc18 \uc778\uc99d \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
FastAPI\uc640 JWT\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ud544\uc694\ud55c \ud328\ud0a4\uc9c0\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud558\uc138\uc694:<\/p>\n
pip install fastapi uvicorn python-jose passlib[bcrypt]<\/code><\/pre>\n5. \uae30\ubcf8 FastAPI \uc124\uc815<\/h2>\n
FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \ucf54\ub4dc\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uae30\ubcf8 FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \ub9cc\ub4dc\uc138\uc694:<\/p>\n
from fastapi import FastAPI\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n@app.get(\"\/\")\nasync def read_root():\n return {\"Hello\": \"World\"}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n6. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ubaa8\ub378 \ubc0f \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4 \uc124\uc815<\/h2>\n
\uc774\uc81c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\uace0 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc5f0\uacb0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. SQLAlchemy\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc640\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc744 \uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uac8c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ubaa8\ub378 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
from sqlalchemy import Column, Integer, String, create_engine\nfrom sqlalchemy.ext.declarative import declarative_base\nfrom sqlalchemy.orm import sessionmaker\n\nSQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL = \"sqlite:\/\/\/.\/test.db\"\nengine = create_engine(SQLALCHEMY_DATABASE_URL, connect_args={\"check_same_thread\": False})\nSessionLocal = sessionmaker(autocommit=False, autoflush=False, bind=engine)\nBase = declarative_base()\n\nclass User(Base):\n __tablename__ = \"users\"\n\n id = Column(Integer, primary_key=True, index=True)\n username = Column(String, unique=True, index=True)\n hashed_password = Column(String)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n\uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. `username`\uacfc `hashed_password`\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc800\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
7. \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638 \ud574\uc2f1<\/h2>\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uc758 \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638\ub97c \uc548\uc804\ud558\uac8c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ud574\uc2f1\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. Passlib \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638\ub97c \ud574\uc2f1\ud558\uace0 \uac80\uc99d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
from passlib.context import CryptContext\n\npwd_context = CryptContext(schemes=[\"bcrypt\"], deprecated=\"auto\")\n\ndef get_password_hash(password):\n return pwd_context.hash(password)\n\ndef verify_password(plain_password, hashed_password):\n return pwd_context.verify(plain_password, hashed_password)\n<\/code><\/pre>\n8. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ucd94\uac00 \ubc0f \ub4f1\ub85d \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8<\/h2>\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\ub97c \ub4f1\ub85d\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638\ub97c \uc548\uc804\ud558\uac8c \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \ud574\uc2f1 \ud6c4 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
from fastapi import Depends, HTTPException\nfrom sqlalchemy.orm import Session\n\nBase.metadata.create_all(bind=engine)\n\n# Create the user\n@app.post(\"\/users\/\")\ndef create_user(username: str, password: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):\n hashed_password = get_password_hash(password)\n db_user = User(username=username, hashed_password=hashed_password)\n db.add(db_user)\n db.commit()\n db.refresh(db_user)\n return db_user\n<\/code><\/pre>\n9. JWT \ud1a0\ud070 \uc0dd\uc131<\/h2>\n
\ub85c\uadf8\uc778 \ud6c4 JWT \ud1a0\ud070\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud558\uc5ec \ubc18\ud658\ud558\ub294 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
from datetime import datetime, timedelta\nfrom jose import JWTError, jwt\n\nSECRET_KEY = \"your_secret_key\"\nALGORITHM = \"HS256\"\nACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES = 30\n\ndef create_access_token(data: dict, expires_delta: timedelta = None):\n to_encode = data.copy()\n if expires_delta:\n expire = datetime.utcnow() + expires_delta\n else:\n expire = datetime.utcnow() + timedelta(minutes=15)\n to_encode.update({\"exp\": expire})\n encoded_jwt = jwt.encode(to_encode, SECRET_KEY, algorithm=ALGORITHM)\n return encoded_jwt\n<\/code><\/pre>\n10. \ub85c\uadf8\uc778 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8<\/h2>\n
\uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \ub85c\uadf8\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
@app.post(\"\/token\")\nasync def login(username: str, password: str, db: Session = Depends(get_db)):\n user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()\n if not user or not verify_password(password, user.hashed_password):\n raise HTTPException(status_code=400, detail=\"\uc798\ubabb\ub41c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uba85 \ub610\ub294 \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638\")\n access_token_expires = timedelta(minutes=ACCESS_TOKEN_EXPIRE_MINUTES)\n access_token = create_access_token(data={\"sub\": user.username}, expires_delta=access_token_expires)\n return {\"access_token\": access_token, \"token_type\": \"bearer\"}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n11. \ubcf4\ud638\ub41c \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8 \uc124\uc815<\/h2>\n
JWT \ud1a0\ud070\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ud638\ub41c \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \uc124\uc815\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 \uc778\uc99d\ub41c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub9cc \uc811\uadfc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uad6c\ud604\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
from fastapi import Security, Depends\nfrom fastapi.security import OAuth2PasswordBearer\n\noauth2_scheme = OAuth2PasswordBearer(tokenUrl=\"token\")\n\nasync def get_current_user(token: str = Depends(oauth2_scheme), db: Session = Depends(get_db)):\n credentials_exception = HTTPException(status_code=401, detail=\"\uc720\ud6a8\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uc790\uaca9 \uc99d\uba85\", headers={\"WWW-Authenticate\": \"Bearer\"})\n try:\n payload = jwt.decode(token, SECRET_KEY, algorithms=[ALGORITHM])\n username: str = payload.get(\"sub\")\n if username is None:\n raise credentials_exception\n except JWTError:\n raise credentials_exception\n user = db.query(User).filter(User.username == username).first()\n if user is None:\n raise credentials_exception\n return user\n\n@app.get(\"\/users\/me\")\nasync def read_users_me(current_user: User = Depends(get_current_user)):\n return current_user\n<\/code><\/pre>\n12. FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84 \uc2e4\ud589<\/h2>\n
\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uc124\uc815\uc774 \uc644\ub8cc\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\ub2c8, \uc774\uc81c FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc900\ube44\uac00 \ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uc138\uc694:<\/p>\n
uvicorn main:app --reload<\/code><\/pre>\n\uc704 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uac00 `http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000`\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
13. Swagger UI\ub97c \ud1b5\ud55c API \ubb38\uc11c\ud654<\/h2>\n
FastAPI\ub294 Swagger\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\uc800\uc5d0\uc11c `http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/docs`\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\uba74 API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
14. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
FastAPI\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d \uad6c\ud604 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uc558\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ube44\ubc00\ubc88\ud638 \ud574\uc2f1, JWT \uae30\ubc18 \uc778\uc99d\uc744 \ud3ec\ud568\ud55c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \ub4f1\ub85d \ubc0f \ub85c\uadf8\uc778 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\ub294 API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud588\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc758 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\n\ub178\ud2b8:<\/strong> \uc2e4\uc81c \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ube44\ubc00\ud0a4\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ud658\uacbd \ubcc0\uc218\uc5d0 \uc800\uc7a5\ud558\uac70\ub098 \ub354 \uc548\uc804\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uad00\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc88b\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/div>\n15. \ucc38\uace0 \uc790\ub8cc<\/h2>\n