\n FastAPI\ub294 Python\uc758 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\ub85c, \ube60\ub974\uace0 \uac04\ud3b8\ud558\uac8c RESTful API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uacc4\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI\uc758 \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc54c\uc544\ubcf4\uba70, \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc608\uc81c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc774\ub97c \uc2e4\uc2b5\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\n FastAPI\ub294 Starlette<\/strong>\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, ASGI\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 HTTP \uc694\uccad\uc774 \uc571\uc758 \ud2b9\uc815 \uacbd\ub85c\ub85c \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc62c \ub54c \uc2e4\ud589\ub418\ub294 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n FastAPI\uc5d0\uc11c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\ub294 \uc8fc\uc694 HTTP \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\uc640 \uc774\ub4e4\uc744 \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ub370\ucf54\ub808\uc774\ud130\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n <\/p>\n \n FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc2dc\uc791\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uba3c\uc800 FastAPI \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\ub7ec\ub9ac\ub97c \uc124\uce58\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 pip \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c \uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uac8c \uc124\uce58\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n \n \uc124\uce58\uac00 \uc644\ub8cc\ub418\uba74, \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n \n \uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\ub294 \ub8e8\ud2b8 \uacbd\ub85c(“\/”)\ub85c\uc758 GET \uc694\uccad\uc774 \ub4e4\uc5b4\uc624\uba74 JSON \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc6f0\ucef4 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud558\ub294 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c \n \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\ub294 URL \uacbd\ub85c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc77d\uc5b4 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub85c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc190\uc27d\uac8c \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n \n \uacbd\ub85c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub294 URL \uacbd\ub85c\uc5d0 \ud3ec\ud568\ub418\uc5b4 \uc804\ub2ec\ub418\ub294 \uac12\uc73c\ub85c, \ub300\uad04\ud638( \n \uc704 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \n \ucffc\ub9ac \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub294 URL\uc758 ‘?’ \ub4a4\uc5d0 \uc788\ub294 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub85c, URL \uc778\ucf54\ub529\ub41c \ud0a4-\uac12 \uc30d \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc804\ub2ec\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n \uc774 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \n POST \uc694\uccad\uc5d0\uc11c JSON \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ubcf8\ubb38\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 \uc774 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c Pydantic \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uac80\uc99d\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n \uc774 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \n FastAPI\ub294 \uc751\ub2f5 \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\uc5ec \ubc18\ud658\ub418\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \uba85\ud655\ud788 \uc815\uc758\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n \uc774 \uc608\uc81c\uc5d0\uc11c \n FastAPI\ub294 \uc694\uccad \ucc98\ub9ac \uc911 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \uc608\uc678\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc5d0\ub7ec \ud578\ub4e4\ub9c1\uc744 \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n \uc704 \ucf54\ub4dc\uc5d0\uc11c \n \ucd5c\uc885\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc644\uc131\ub41c FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud50c\ub7ab\ud3fc\uc5d0 \ubc30\ud3ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. Docker\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ud658\uacbd \uc124\uc815\uc744 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud654\ud558\uace0, \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc27d\uac8c \ubc30\ud3ec\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n \n \uc704 Dockerfile\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 Docker \ucee8\ud14c\uc774\ub108\uc5d0\uc11c \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \n FastAPI\ub294 \uacbd\ub7c9\uc758 RESTful API\ub97c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac10\uc0ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4!<\/p>\n <\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\n \uc774\ub294 \uace0\uc131\ub2a5 \uc6f9 \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uad6c\ucd95\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ucd5c\uc801\ud654\ub418\uc5b4 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \ud504\ub85c\uadf8\ub798\ubc0d\uc744 \uc27d\uac8c \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n FastAPI\ub294 \ud0c0\uc785 \ud78c\ud2b8(type hints)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucf54\ub4dc \uc791\uc131 \uc2dc \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc624\ub958\ub97c \uc904\uc774\uace0,
\n \ub354 \ub098\uc544\uac00 API \ubb38\uc11c\ud654(auto-generation) \ubc0f \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d(data validation)\uc744 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n2. \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\ub780?<\/h2>\n
\n \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790\uac00 “\/items” \uacbd\ub85c\ub85c GET \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0bc \ub54c \ud2b9\uc815 \ub3d9\uc791\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ud568\uc218\uac00 \uc774\uc5d0 \ud574\ub2f9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n FastAPI\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uad6c\ud604\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub370\ucf54\ub808\uc774\ud130\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n2.1 \uc8fc\uc694 HTTP \uba54\uc11c\ub4dc\uc640 FastAPI \ub370\ucf54\ub808\uc774\ud130<\/h3>\n
\n
@app.get()<\/code>: GET \uc694\uccad \ucc98\ub9ac<\/li>\n@app.post()<\/code>: POST \uc694\uccad \ucc98\ub9ac<\/li>\n@app.put()<\/code>: PUT \uc694\uccad \ucc98\ub9ac<\/li>\n@app.delete()<\/code>: DELETE \uc694\uccad \ucc98\ub9ac<\/li>\n@app.patch()<\/code>: PATCH \uc694\uccad \ucc98\ub9ac<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n3. FastAPI \uae30\ubcf8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95<\/h2>\n
pip install fastapi uvicorn<\/code><\/pre>\npython\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n@app.get(\"\/\")\nasync def read_root():\n return {\"message\": \"Welcome to FastAPI!\"}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n \uc774 \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\nuvicorn main:app --reload<\/code><\/pre>\nmain<\/code>\uc740 \ud30c\uc77c \uc774\ub984, app<\/code>\ub294 FastAPI \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4\ub97c \uac00\ub9ac\ud0b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n --reload<\/code> \uc635\uc158\uc744 \uc8fc\uba74 \ucf54\ub4dc \ubcc0\uacbd \uc2dc \uc11c\ubc84\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc7ac\uc2dc\uc791\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n4. \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\uc758 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130<\/h2>\n
4.1 \uacbd\ub85c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130<\/h3>\n
{}<\/code>)\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc815\uc758\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uacbd\ub85c \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\npython\n@app.get(\"\/items\/{item_id}\")\nasync def read_item(item_id: int):\n return {\"item_id\": item_id}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nitem_id<\/code>\ub294 URL \uacbd\ub85c\uc758 \uc77c\ubd80\ub85c\uc11c, \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\uac00 \/items\/5<\/code>\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ubcf4\ub0c8\uc744 \ub54c 5\uac00 item_id<\/code>\ub85c \uc804\ub2ec\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n FastAPI\ub294 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc774 \uac12\uc744 \uc815\uc218\ud615\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n4.2 \ucffc\ub9ac \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130<\/h3>\n
\n \uc544\ub798\ub294 \ucffc\ub9ac \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\npython\n@app.get(\"\/items\/\")\nasync def read_items(skip: int = 0, limit: int = 10):\n return {\"skip\": skip, \"limit\": limit}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nskip<\/code>\uacfc limit<\/code>\ub294 \ucffc\ub9ac \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub85c, \uae30\ubcf8\uac12\uc744 \uac01\uae30 0\uacfc 10\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uc815\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\uac00 \/items\/?skip=5&limit=15<\/code>\ub85c \uc694\uccad\ud560 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uac12\uc774 \uc815\uc0c1\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\uacbd\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n4.3 \ubcf8\ubb38 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130<\/h3>\n
\n \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \ubcf8\ubb38 \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\npython\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\nclass Item(BaseModel):\n name: str\n price: float\n is_offer: bool = None\n\n@app.post(\"\/items\/\")\nasync def create_item(item: Item):\n return {\"item_name\": item.name, \"item_price\": item.price}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nItem<\/code> \ud074\ub798\uc2a4\ub294 Pydantic\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d\uc744 \uc218\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\uac00 JSON \ubcf8\ubb38\uc744 {\"name\": \"Item1\", \"price\": 35.5}<\/code>\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf4\ub0b4\uba74,
\n \ud574\ub2f9 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 item<\/code> \ud30c\ub77c\ubbf8\ud130\ub85c \uc804\ub2ec\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n5. FastAPI\uc758 \uc751\ub2f5 \ubaa8\ub378<\/h2>\n
\n \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uba74 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub418\uba70, \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\uac00 \ubc18\ud658\ub418\ub294 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\npython\nfrom fastapi import FastAPI\nfrom pydantic import BaseModel\n\nclass ItemResponse(BaseModel):\n item_name: str\n item_price: float\n\n@app.post(\"\/items\/\", response_model=ItemResponse)\nasync def create_item(item: Item):\n return {\"item_name\": item.name, \"item_price\": item.price}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nresponse_model<\/code> \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ubc18\ud658\ub420 \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\uc600\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uba74 \uc751\ub2f5\uc774 ItemResponse<\/code>\ub85c \uc81c\ud55c\ub418\uba70, \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\ub294 \ud574\ub2f9 \ud615\uc2dd\uc744 \ub530\ub974\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n6. FastAPI\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5d0\ub7ec \ucc98\ub9ac<\/h2>\n
\n \ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\uc758 \uc608\uc678\ub97c \ubc1c\uc0dd\uc2dc\ud0a4\uace0 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud558\ub294 \uc608\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\npython\nfrom fastapi import HTTPException\n\n@app.get(\"\/items\/{item_id}\")\nasync def read_item(item_id: int):\n if item_id < 1:\n raise HTTPException(status_code=404, detail=\"Item not found\")\n return {\"item_id\": item_id}\n<\/code><\/pre>\nitem_id<\/code>\uac00 1\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uc791\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0, 404 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ucf54\ub4dc\uc640 \ud568\uaed8 \uc5d0\ub7ec \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ubc18\ud658\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc774\ucc98\ub7fc FastAPI\ub294 HTTP \uc0c1\ud0dc \ucf54\ub4dc\uc640 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \uc190\uc27d\uac8c \uc124\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n7. \ubc30\ud3ec \ubc0f \uc2e4\ud589<\/h2>\n
\n \uc8fc\uc694 \ubc30\ud3ec \uc635\uc158\uc73c\ub85c\ub294 Docker<\/strong>, Heroku<\/strong>, AWS<\/strong> \ub4f1\uc774 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n Uvicorn \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub85c\uceec\uc5d0\uc11c \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc0dd\uc0b0 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 Gunicorn<\/strong>\uacfc \uac19\uc740 WSGI \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n7.1 Docker\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud55c \ubc30\ud3ec<\/h3>\n
dockerfile\nFROM tiangolo\/uvicorn-gunicorn-fastapi:python3.9\nCOPY .\/app \/app\n<\/code><\/pre>\n
\n docker build -t myfastapiapp .<\/code> \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c \uc774\ubbf8\uc9c0\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c \ud6c4,
\n docker run -d -p 80:80 myfastapiapp<\/code>\uc73c\ub85c \ucee8\ud14c\uc774\ub108\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n8. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
\n \uacbd\ub85c \ub3d9\uc791 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud568\uc73c\ub85c\uc368 \ud074\ub77c\uc774\uc5b8\ud2b8\uc758 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc694\uccad\uc744 \ucc98\ub9ac\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70,
\n Pydantic\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \ubc0f \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud574 \uc5b4\ub290 \uc815\ub3c4 \uaddc\ubaa8\uc758 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uc548\uc815\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc55e\uc73c\ub85c\ub3c4 FastAPI\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uae4a\uc774 \uc788\ub294 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud574\ubcf4\uc2dc\uae38 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n