{"id":38492,"date":"2024-11-01T18:17:33","date_gmt":"2024-11-01T18:17:33","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=38492"},"modified":"2024-11-26T06:44:10","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T06:44:10","slug":"fastapi-%ec%84%9c%eb%b2%84%ea%b0%9c%eb%b0%9c-pydantic%ec%9d%84-%ec%9d%b4%ec%9a%a9%ed%95%9c-%eb%8d%b0%ec%9d%b4%ed%84%b0-%eb%aa%a8%eb%8d%b8%eb%a7%81","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/38492\/","title":{"rendered":"FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uac1c\ubc1c, Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><body><\/p>\n<p>FastAPI\ub294 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc6f9 API\ub97c \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\ub294 \uacbd\ub7c9\uc758 \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Python\uc758 \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub192\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc758 \uc6a9\uc774\uc131\uacfc \uba85\ud655\ud55c \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84 \uac1c\ubc1c\uacfc Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>1. FastAPI\ub780?<\/h2>\n<p>FastAPI\ub294 Python 3.6 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud0c0\uc785 \ud78c\ud2b8\ub97c \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. RESTful API, GraphQL API\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \ub9cc\ub4e4 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \ucc98\ub9ac\ub97c \uc9c0\uc6d0\ud558\uc5ec \ub192\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>1.1 \ud2b9\uc9d5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\ub192\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5: \uc2a4\ud0c0\ud2b8\uc5c5\uacfc \uaddc\ubaa8\uac00 \ud070 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc5d0\uc11c \ub3d9\uc2dc\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc744 \uc815\ub3c4\ub85c \ube60\ub985\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uac04\ud3b8\ud55c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ubc95: Flask\uc640 \uc720\uc0ac\ud55c \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc27d\uac8c \ubc30\uc6b8 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc790\ub3d9 \ubb38\uc11c\ud654: OpenAPI\uc640 JSON Schema\ub97c \uae30\ubc18\uc73c\ub85c API \ubb38\uc11c\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ud0c0\uc785 \uc548\uc804\uc131: Pydantic\uacfc\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d\uacfc \ubcc0\ud658\uc774 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc27d\uace0 \uc548\uc804\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>2. Pydantic\uc774\ub780?<\/h2>\n<p>Pydantic\uc740 Python \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \ubc0f \uc124\uc815 \uad00\ub9ac \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Python\uc758 \ud0c0\uc785 \ud78c\ud2b8\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc785\ub825\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uc758 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131\uc744 \uac80\uc0ac\ud558\uace0, \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubcc0\ud658 \ubc0f \uc9c1\ub82c\ud654\ub97c \uad00\ub9ac\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\ub294 Pydantic\uc744 \ubaa8\ub378\uc758 \uc785\ub825 \ubc0f \ucd9c\ub825\uc744 \ub2e4\ub8e8\ub294 \ub370 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>2.1 Pydantic\uc758 \uc8fc\uc694 \uae30\ub2a5<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uac80\uc0ac: \uc785\ub825\ub41c \ub370\uc774\ud130\uac00 \uc9c0\uc815\ub41c \ud615\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub9de\ub294\uc9c0 \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc9c1\ub82c\ud654 \ubc0f \uc5ed\uc9c1\ub82c\ud654: \ubaa8\ub378 \uc778\uc2a4\ud134\uc2a4\ub97c JSON\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ud615\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc27d\uac8c \ubcc0\ud658\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc5d0\ub7ec \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0: \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uac80\uc99d \uc2dc \uc27d\uac8c \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc5d0\ub7ec \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ud658\uacbd \ubcc0\uc218 \uc9c0\uc6d0: .env \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ud658\uacbd \ubcc0\uc218\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \ub85c\ub4dc\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>3. FastAPI \ubc0f Pydantic \uc124\uce58\ud558\uae30<\/h2>\n<p>FastAPI\uc640 Pydantic\uc740 pip\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc27d\uac8c \uc124\uce58\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \uc124\uce58\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>pip install fastapi uvicorn pydantic<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c <code>uvicorn<\/code>\uc740 ASGI \uc11c\ubc84\ub85c FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>4. FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84 \uac1c\ubc1c\ud558\uae30<\/h2>\n<p>\uc6b0\uc120 FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc744 \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c \ud6c4, Pydantic \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc744 \uc2dc\uc791\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc608\uc81c\ub85c \ubd81(Book) API\ub97c \ub9cc\ub4e4\uc5b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>4.1 FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158 \uc0dd\uc131<\/h3>\n<pre><code>from fastapi import FastAPI\n\napp = FastAPI()\n\n@app.get(\"\/\")\nasync def root():\n    return {\"message\": \"Hello, FastAPI!\"}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4.2 Pydantic \ubaa8\ub378 \uc0dd\uc131<\/h3>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c API\uc5d0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 Pydantic \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubd81(Book) \ubaa8\ub378\uc744 \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc791\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>from pydantic import BaseModel\nfrom typing import Optional\n\nclass Book(BaseModel):\n    id: int\n    title: str\n    author: str\n    description: Optional[str] = None\n    year: Optional[int] = None\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4.3 API \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8 \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uae30<\/h3>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c FastAPI \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc5d0 \ubd81 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud558\uace0 \uac00\uc838\uc624\ub294 \uc5d4\ub4dc\ud3ec\uc778\ud2b8\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>books = []\n\n@app.post(\"\/books\/\", response_model=Book)\nasync def create_book(book: Book):\n    books.append(book)\n    return book\n\n@app.get(\"\/books\/{book_id}\", response_model=Book)\nasync def read_book(book_id: int):\n    for book in books:\n        if book.id == book_id:\n            return book\n    return {\"error\": \"Book not found\"}\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>5. API \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud558\uae30<\/h2>\n<p>API\ub97c \ud14c\uc2a4\ud2b8\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 Uvicorn \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud558\uace0, Postman\uc774\ub098 curl\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc544\ub798 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub85c \uc11c\ubc84\ub97c \uc2e4\ud589\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>uvicorn main:app --reload<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\uc774\uc81c \ube0c\ub77c\uc6b0\uc800\uc5d0\uc11c <code>http:\/\/127.0.0.1:8000\/docs<\/code>\uc5d0 \uc811\uc18d\ud558\uba74 FastAPI\uac00 \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud55c API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>6. Pydantic\uc758 \uace0\uae09 \uae30\ub2a5<\/h2>\n<p>Pydantic\uc740 \ub2e8\uc21c\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 \uc678\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uace0\uae09 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<h3>6.1 Validation (\uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uac80\uc0ac)<\/h3>\n<p>Pydantic\uc740 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uac80\uc0ac\uae30\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc815\uc758\ud558\uc5ec \uc81c\ub300\ub85c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud615\uc2dd\uc774\ub098 \uc798\ubabb\ub41c \uac12\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc27d\uac8c \uc81c\uc5b4\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>from pydantic import constr\n\nclass User(BaseModel):\n    username: constr(min_length=4, max_length=20)\n    email: EmailStr\n\n    class Config:\n        anystr_strip_whitespace = True\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>6.2 Nested Models (\uc911\ucca9 \ubaa8\ub378)<\/h3>\n<p>Pydantic \ubaa8\ub378\uc740 \uc11c\ub85c \uc911\ucca9\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc5b4 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uad6c\uc870\ub97c \uc791\uc5c5\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc720\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>class Publisher(BaseModel):\n    name: str\n    address: Optional[str] = None\n\nclass BookWithPublisher(BaseModel):\n    title: str\n    author: str\n    publisher: Publisher\n<\/code><\/pre>\n<h2>7. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>FastAPI\uc640 Pydantic\uc744 \ud568\uaed8 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uba74 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc774\uace0 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc6f9 API\ub97c \uc27d\uac8c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc758 \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \ucc98\ub9ac \ub2a5\ub825\uacfc Pydantic\uc758 \ub370\uc774\ud130 \uc720\ud6a8\uc131 \uac80\uc0ac\ub294 \uac1c\ubc1c \uc0dd\uc0b0\uc131\uc744 \uadf9\ub300\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc8fc\uc694\ud55c \uc694\uc18c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uac15\uc88c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uac04\ub2e8\ud55c \uc608\uc81c\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 FastAPI\uc640 Pydantic\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc758 \uae30\ucd08\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubd24\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ub354 \ubcf5\uc7a1\ud55c API\ub97c \uc124\uacc4\ud558\uace0 \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. FastAPI\uc640 Pydantic\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5ec\ub7ec\ubd84\uc758 \ud504\ub85c\uc81d\ud2b8\uc5d0 \uac15\ub825\ud55c \uc6f9 API\ub97c \ucd94\uac00\ud574\ubcf4\uc2dc\uae30 \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>8. \ucc38\uace0 \uc790\ub8cc<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/fastapi.tiangolo.com\/\">FastAPI \uacf5\uc2dd \ubb38\uc11c<\/a><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/pydantic-docs.helpmanual.io\/\">Pydantic \uacf5\uc2dd \ubb38\uc11c<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>FastAPI\ub294 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc6f9 API\ub97c \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\ub294 \uacbd\ub7c9\uc758 \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Python\uc758 \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub192\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc758 \uc6a9\uc774\uc131\uacfc \uba85\ud655\ud55c \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84 \uac1c\ubc1c\uacfc Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. FastAPI\ub780? FastAPI\ub294 Python 3.6 \uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ud0c0\uc785 \ud78c\ud2b8\ub97c \uc801\uadf9\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec API \ubb38\uc11c\ub97c \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc0dd\uc131\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/38492\/\" class=\"more-link\">\ub354 \ubcf4\uae30<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uac1c\ubc1c, Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1&#8221;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[183],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38492","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-fastapi"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v26.2 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/wordpress\/plugins\/seo\/ -->\n<title>FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uac1c\ubc1c, Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 - \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/38492\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"ko_KR\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84\uac1c\ubc1c, Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1 - \ub77c\uc774\ube0c\uc2a4\ub9c8\ud2b8\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"FastAPI\ub294 \ud604\ub300\uc801\uc778 \uc6f9 API\ub97c \ube60\ub974\uac8c \uad6c\ucd95\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub3c4\ub85d \ub3c4\uc640\uc8fc\ub294 \uacbd\ub7c9\uc758 \uc6f9 \ud504\ub808\uc784\uc6cc\ud06c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. Python\uc758 \ube44\ub3d9\uae30 \uae30\ub2a5\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ub9e4\uc6b0 \ub192\uc740 \uc131\ub2a5\uc744 \uc81c\uacf5\ud558\uba70, \uac1c\ubc1c\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\ub294 \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc758 \uc6a9\uc774\uc131\uacfc \uba85\ud655\ud55c \ubb38\uc11c\ud654\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 FastAPI \uc11c\ubc84 \uac1c\ubc1c\uacfc Pydantic\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ub370\uc774\ud130 \ubaa8\ub378\ub9c1\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. FastAPI\ub780? 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