\n\n \uc544\uc778\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc740 20\uc138\uae30 \ucd08 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc758 \ud601\uba85\uc744 \uac00\uc838\uc628 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc774\ub860\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \uc8fc\uc694 \ubd80\ubd84\uc73c\ub85c \ub098\ub20c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4: \ud2b9\uc218 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uacfc \uc77c\ubc18 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860.
\n \ud2b9\uc218 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc740 1905\ub144\uc5d0 \ubc1c\ud45c\ub418\uc5c8\uc73c\uba70, \uc8fc\ub85c \uace0\uc18d\uc73c\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ubb3c\uccb4\uc758 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \ud2b9\uc131\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc124\uba85\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud765\ubbf8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0 \ud604\uc0c1\uc740 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0(Time Dilation)\uacfc \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95(Length Contraction)\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
1. \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0(Time Dilation)<\/h2>\n
\n \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc740 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0\uc11c \uac00\uc7a5 \ud765\ubbf8\ub86d\uace0 \uc9c1\uad00\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uac1c\ub150 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc73c\ub85c, \ube60\ub978 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\ub294 \ubb3c\uccb4\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \uc815\uc9c0\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uad00\ucc30\uc790\uc5d0\uac8c\uc11c \ubcfc \ub54c \ub354 \ub290\ub9ac\uac8c \ud750\ub978\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \uc758\ubbf8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc774\ub294 \uc544\uc8fc \ube60\ub978 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\ub294 \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120 \ub0b4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub290\ub9ac\uac8c \uac04\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc744 \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc544\uc778\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud604\uc0c1\uc744 \uacf5\uc2dd\ud654\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc218\uc2dd\uc744 \ub4f1\uc7a5\uc2dc\ucf30\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
t’ = t \/ \u221a(1 – v\u00b2\/c\u00b2)<\/strong><\/p>\n \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c t’<\/strong>\ub294 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04, t<\/strong>\ub294 \uc815\uc9c0\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04, v<\/strong>\ub294 \ubb3c\uccb4\uc758 \uc18d\ub3c4, c<\/strong>\ub294 \ube5b\uc758 \uc18d\ub3c4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc774 \ube5b\uc758 \uc18d\ub3c4\uc758 80%\uc778 v = 0.8c<\/strong>\ub85c \uc5ec\ud589\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub9cc\uc57d \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc5ec\ud589 \uc2dc\uac04\uc774 5\ub144\uc774\ub77c\uba74, \uc9c0\uad6c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \uc544\ub798\uc640 \uac19\uc774 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n t = t’ * \u221a(1 – v\u00b2\/c\u00b2)<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\uc608\uc81c 1: \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0 \uacc4\uc0b0<\/h3>\n
\n \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc774 \ube5b\uc758 \uc18d\ub3c4\uc758 80%\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud560 \ub54c \uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n <\/p>\n
\n # \ud30c\uc774\uc36c \uc608\uc81c \ucf54\ub4dc\n import math\n\n # \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac12\n t_prime = 5 # \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04 (\ub144)\n v = 0.8 # \uc18d\ub3c4 \ube44\uc728 (v\/c)\n\n # t \uacc4\uc0b0\n t = t_prime \/ math.sqrt(1 - v**2)\n print(f\"\uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uc2dc\uac04: {t}\ub144\")\n <\/code><\/pre>\n2. \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95(Length Contraction)<\/h2>\n
\n \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95\uc740 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc758 \ub610 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc2e0\ube44\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud604\uc0c1\uc73c\ub85c, \ube60\ub978 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud558\ub294 \ubb3c\uccb4\uc758 \uae38\uc774\uac00 \uad00\ucc30\uc790\uc758 \uae30\uc900\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c \uce21\uc815\ud560 \ub54c \ub354\uc6b1 \uc9e7\uc544\uc9c4\ub2e4\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc989, \ubb3c\uccb4\uac00 \ub9c8\uce58 \uc218\ucd95\ud55c \uac83\ucc98\ub7fc \ubcf4\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uacf5\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
L’ = L * \u221a(1 – v\u00b2\/c\u00b2)<\/strong><\/p>\n \uc5ec\uae30\uc11c L’<\/strong>\ub294 \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uae38\uc774, L<\/strong>\ub294 \uc815\uc9c0\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uae30\uc900\uacc4\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uae38\uc774\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n\n \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc758 \uae38\uc774\uac00 100m\uc778 \uacbd\uc6b0, \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc774 \ube5b\uc758 \uc18d\ub3c4\uc758 95%\uc778 v = 0.95c<\/strong>\ub85c \uc774\ub3d9\ud55c\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc774\ub54c \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc758 \uae38\uc774\ub294 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcf4\uc77c\uae4c\uc694?<\/p>\n L = L’ \/ \u221a(1 – v\u00b2\/c\u00b2)<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n\uc608\uc81c 2: \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95 \uacc4\uc0b0<\/h3>\n
\n \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc758 \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:\n <\/p>\n
\n # \ud30c\uc774\uc36c \uc608\uc81c \ucf54\ub4dc\n # \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uac12\n L_prime = 100 # \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc5d0\uc11c\uc758 \uae38\uc774 (m)\n v = 0.95 # \uc18d\ub3c4 \ube44\uc728 (v\/c)\n\n # L \uacc4\uc0b0\n L = L_prime \/ math.sqrt(1 - v**2)\n print(f\"\uc815\uc9c0\ud574 \uc788\ub294 \uad00\ucc30\uc790\uac00 \uce21\uc815\ud55c \uae38\uc774: {L}m\")\n <\/code><\/pre>\n3. \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uacfc \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95\uc758 \uc2e4\uc0dd\ud65c \uc801\uc6a9<\/h2>\n
\n \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uacfc \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95\uc740 \ud14c\ud06c\ub180\ub85c\uc9c0\uc640 \uacfc\ud559 \uc5f0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\uce58\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. GPS(GPS System) \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc740 \uc774\ub97c \uc798 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc8fc\ub294 \uc608\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n GPS \uc704\uc131\uc740 \uc9c0\uad6c\ubcf4\ub2e4 \uace0\uc18d\uc73c\ub85c \uc6c0\uc9c1\uc774\uba70 \ub192\uc740 \uace0\ub3c4\uc5d0\uc11c \uc704\uce58\ud574 \uc788\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uacfc \uc911\ub825\uc5d0 \uc758\ud55c \uc2dc\uac04\uc758 \ucc28\uc774\ub97c \ubaa8\ub450 \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub9cc\uc57d \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ud6a8\uacfc\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uba74, GPS\uc758 \uc815\ud655\ub3c4\ub294 \ud06c\uac8c \ub5a8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
4. \uc30d\ub465\uc774 \uc5ed\uc124(Twin Paradox)<\/h2>\n
\n \uc544\uc778\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \uc5b8\uae09\ub418\ub294 \uac1c\ub150 \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 \uc30d\ub465\uc774 \uc5ed\uc124\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc11c\ub85c \ub3d9\uc77c\ud55c \ub098\uc774\ub97c \uac00\uc9c4 \uc30d\ub465\uc774\uac00 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ud55c \uc30d\ub465\uc774\ub294 \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120\uc5d0 \ud0d1\uc2b9\ud558\uc5ec \ub192\uc740 \uc18d\ub3c4\ub85c \uc5ec\ud589\ud558\uace0, \ub2e4\ub978 \uc30d\ub465\uc774\ub294 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc5ec\ud589\uc744 \ub9c8\uce5c \ud6c4 \ub3cc\uc544\uc628 \uc6b0\uc8fc\uc120 \ud0d1\uc2b9\uc790\ub294 \uc9c0\uad6c\uc5d0 \ub0a8\uc544 \uc788\ub358 \uc30d\ub465\uc774\uc5d0 \ube44\ud574 \ub354 \uc80a\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uc758 \uacb0\uacfc\ub85c \uc124\uba85\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uadf8\ub7ec\ub098 \uc774 \uacbd\uc6b0 \ub450 \uc30d\ub465\uc774\uc758 \uc0c1\ud669\uc740 \ub300\uce6d\uc801\uc774\uc9c0 \uc54a\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc6d0\ub9ac\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub824\uba74 \ub354 \uae4a\uc740 \ub17c\uc758\uac00 \ud544\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
5. \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4\uc640 \ub17c\ub780<\/h2>\n
\n \ube44\ub85d \uc544\uc778\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc2e4\ud5d8\uc801 \uc99d\uac70\uc5d0 \uc758\ud574 \ub4b7\ubc1b\uce68\ub418\uace0 \uc788\uc9c0\ub9cc \uc5ec\uc804\ud788 \uadf8 \uc774\ud574\uc640 \ud574\uc11d\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \uc9c8\ubb38\uc744 \uc81c\uae30\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc591\uc790\uc5ed\ud559\uacfc\uc758 \ud1b5\ud569\uc774 \uc774\ub8e8\uc5b4\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \uacfc\ud559\uc758 \ud55c \uc601\uc5ed\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub9ce\uc740 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc790\ub4e4\uc740 \ub450 \uc774\ub860 \uac04\uc758 \uc870\ud654\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud1b5\ud569\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub178\ub825\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \ub610\ud55c \ube14\ub799\ud640\uacfc \uc6b0\uc8fc \ucd08\uae30\uc758 \ud658\uacbd\ucc98\ub7fc \uadf9\ub2e8\uc801\uc778 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc5f0\uad6c\ub3c4 \uc9c4\ud589 \uc911\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n
\uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
\n \uc544\uc778\uc288\ud0c0\uc778\uc758 \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \ud604\ub300 \ubb3c\ub9ac\ud559\uc5d0 \uc9c0\ub300\ud55c \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uc774\ub860\uc740 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc6b0\uc8fc\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ud06c\uac8c \uae30\uc5ec\ud588\uc73c\uba70,
\n \uc2dc\uac04 \uc9c0\uc5f0\uacfc \uae38\uc774 \uc218\ucd95\uc740 \uadf8 \uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud2b9\ud788 \ud765\ubbf8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud604\uc0c1\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.
\n \uc0c1\ub300\uc131 \uc774\ub860\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \uc6b0\uc8fc\uac00 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \uc791\ub3d9\ud558\ub294\uc9c0\ub97c \ub354 \ub098\uc740 \uc774\ud574\ub97c \ub3d5\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub294 \uacfc\ud559 \uae30\uc220\uc758 \ubc1c\uc804\uacfc \ud568\uaed8 \uc6b0\ub9ac\uac00 \uc0b6\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0\ub3c4 \ud070 \uc601\ud5a5\uc744 \ubbf8\ucce4\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n