{"id":40370,"date":"2024-11-03T16:27:14","date_gmt":"2024-11-03T16:27:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=40370"},"modified":"2024-11-26T06:39:18","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T06:39:18","slug":"17-%ea%b8%b0%ec%b2%b4%ec%99%80-%ea%b4%80%eb%a0%a8%eb%90%9c-%ed%99%94%ed%95%99%ec%8b%9d-%ec%9d%b4%ec%83%81%ea%b8%b0%ec%b2%b4-%eb%b2%95%ec%b9%99-pv-nrt-%ec%98%a8%eb%8f%84-%ec%95%95%eb%a0%a5","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/40370\/","title":{"rendered":"17. \uae30\uccb4\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ud654\ud559\uc2dd, \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59 (PV = nRT)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>\uae30\uccb4\ub294 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, \uace0\uccb4\uc774\ub098 \uc561\uccb4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ubd84\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uac04\uaca9\uc774 \ub113\uace0 \ubd84\uc790 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uacfc \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub54c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59 (PV = nRT)\uc744 \uc18c\uac1c\ud558\uace0, \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4, \uc555\ub825, \ubd80\ud53c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubab0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>1. \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \uac1c\ub150<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc740 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc591\uc758 \uae30\uccb4\uac00 \ub2e4\ub978 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub85c \ubcc0\ud560 \ub54c \uc131\ub9bd\ud558\ub294 \uae30\ubcf8 \ubc95\uce59\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubc95\uce59\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc218\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>P \u00d7 V = n \u00d7 R \u00d7 T<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\uc5ec\uae30\uc11c,<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>P<\/strong>: \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc555\ub825 (\ub2e8\uc704: \ud30c\uc2a4\uce7c, Pa)<\/li>\n<li><strong>V<\/strong>: \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubd80\ud53c (\ub2e8\uc704: \uc785\ubc29\ubbf8\ud130, m\u00b3)<\/li>\n<li><strong>n<\/strong>: \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubab0\uc218 (\ub2e8\uc704: \ubab0, mol)<\/li>\n<li><strong>R<\/strong>: \uae30\uccb4 \uc0c1\uc218 (\ub2e8\uc704: J\/(mol\u00b7K), R = 8.314)<\/li>\n<li><strong>T<\/strong>: \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4 (\ub2e8\uc704: \ucf08\ube48, K)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc740 \uae30\uccb4\uac00 &#8216;\uc774\uc0c1\uc801&#8217;\uc774\ub77c\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud560 \ub54c \uc801\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4\ub294 \ubd84\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \ucda9\ub3cc\uc774 \uc644\ubcbd\ud558\uace0, \ubd84\uc790\uac00 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ud53c\uac00 \ubb34\uc2dc\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc774 \uc5c6\ub2e4\uace0 \uc5ec\uaca8\uc9d1\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>2. \uac01 \ubcc0\uc218\uc758 \uc124\uba85<\/h2>\n<h3>2.1 \uc628\ub3c4 (T)<\/h3>\n<p>\uc628\ub3c4\ub294 \uae30\uccb4 \ubd84\uc790\uc758 \uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0c5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4 \ubd84\uc790\uc758 \ud3c9\uade0 \uc6b4\ub3d9 \uc5d0\ub108\uc9c0\ub294 \uc628\ub3c4\uc640 \ube44\ub840\ud558\uba70, \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4\ub294 \ubc18\ub4dc\uc2dc \ucf08\ube48 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc12d\uc528\uc628\ub3c4\ub85c\ubd80\ud130 \ucf08\ube48\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud658\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c \uacf5\uc2dd\uc744 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>T(K) = T(\u00b0C) + 273.15<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>2.2 \uc555\ub825 (P)<\/h3>\n<p>\uc555\ub825\uc740 \uae30\uccb4 \ubd84\uc790\uac00 \ubcbd\uc5d0 \ucda9\ub3cc\ud560 \ub54c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud558\ub294 \ud798\uc758 \ub2e8\uc704 \uba74\uc801\ub2f9 \ud06c\uae30\ub97c \uce21\uc815\ud55c \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc555\ub825\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \uce21\uc815\ub420 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c 1\uae30\uc555\uc740 101.325 kPa\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5ec\ub7ec \ub2e8\uc704\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ub2e8\uc704 \uac04 \ubcc0\ud658\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>2.3 \ubd80\ud53c (V)<\/h3>\n<p>\ubd80\ud53c\ub294 \uae30\uccb4\uac00 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uacf5\uac04\uc758 \ud06c\uae30\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\uba70, \ub2e8\uc704\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub9ac\ud130(L) \ub610\ub294 \uc785\ubc29\ubbf8\ud130(m\u00b3)\ub85c \ud45c\ud604\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubd80\ud53c\ub294 \uc628\ub3c4\uc640 \uc555\ub825\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ubcc0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>2.4 \ubab0\uc218 (n)<\/h3>\n<p>\ubab0\uc218\ub294 \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubd84\uc790 \uc218\ub97c \ub098\ud0c0\ub0b4\ub294 \ub2e8\uc704\ub85c, \uc544\ubcf4\uac00\ub4dc\ub85c \uc218 (\uc57d 6.022 x 10\u00b2\u00b3)\ub85c \uc815\uc758\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubab0\uc218\ub294 \ud654\ud569\ubb3c\uc758 \ubd84\uc790\ub7c9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2ec\ub77c\uc9c0\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc591\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>3. \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc758 \uc751\uc6a9<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc608\uce21\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4 \ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc555\ub825\uc758 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc555\ub825\uc5d0\uc11c \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubd80\ud53c \ubcc0\ud654\uc5d0 \ub530\ub978 \uc628\ub3c4\ub97c \uacc4\uc0b0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\ubab0\uc758 \uc591\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uae30\uccb4\uac00 \ucc28\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \ubd80\ud53c\ub97c \uc608\uce21\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>4. \uc608\uc81c: \uc628\ub3c4\uc640 \uc555\ub825 \ubcc0\ud654<\/h2>\n<p>\uac00\uc7a5 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc608\ub85c, \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ubd80\ud53c\ub97c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\uba70 \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4\uac00 \ubcc0\ud654\ud560 \ub54c\uc758 \uc555\ub825 \ubcc0\ud654\ub97c \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1.0 mol\uc758 \uae30\uccb4\uac00 273K\uc5d0\uc11c 1.0 atm\uc758 \uc555\ub825\uc744 \uac00\uc9c0\uace0 \uc788\ub2e4\uace0 \uac00\uc815\ud574 \ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4\uac00 300K\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud560 \ub54c, \uc555\ub825\uc774 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ubcc0\ud560\uc9c0 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud574\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h3>4.1 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \uc870\uac74<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>n = 1 mol<\/li>\n<li>T\u2081 = 273 K<\/li>\n<li>P\u2081 = 1.0 atm<\/li>\n<li>T\u2082 = 300 K<\/li>\n<li>P\u2082 = ?<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>4.2 \ud574\ubc95<\/h3>\n<p>\uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 \ud615\ud0dc\ub97c \ud750\ub984\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud45c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>P\u2081\/T\u2081 = P\u2082\/T\u2082<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\uc704\uc758 \uc2dd\uc744 \uc774\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec P\u2082\ub97c \uad6c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<pre><code>P\u2082 = P\u2081 \u00d7 (T\u2082\/T\u2081)<\/code><\/pre>\n<h3>4.3 \uacc4\uc0b0<\/h3>\n<p>\uac01 \uc0c1\uc218\ub97c \ub300\uc785\ud558\uc5ec \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uba74:<\/p>\n<pre><code>P\u2082 = 1.0 atm \u00d7 (300 K \/ 273 K)<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\uacc4\uc0b0 \uacb0\uacfc:<\/p>\n<pre><code>P\u2082 \u2248 1.1 atm<\/code><\/pre>\n<p>\ub530\ub77c\uc11c, \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4\uac00 300K\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uba74 \uc555\ub825\uc740 \uc57d 1.1 atm\ub85c \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>5. \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc758 \ud55c\uacc4<\/h2>\n<p>\ubaa8\ub4e0 \uae30\uccb4\uac00 \ud56d\uc0c1 \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4\ub85c \ud589\ub3d9\ud558\uc9c0\ub294 \uc54a\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc0c1\ud669\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc774 \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\uace0\uc555\uc5d0\uc11c: \ubd84\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc774 \uc99d\uac00\ud558\uc5ec \uc774\uc0c1\uc801 \uac00\uc815\uc744 \uc704\ubc18\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<li>\uc800\uc628\uc5d0\uc11c: \ubd84\uc790 \uac04\uc758 \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\uc774 \ub354 \uac15\ud574\uc838 \uc751\ucd95\ub420 \uc0ac\ub840\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>\uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uacbd\uc6b0\uc5d0\ub294 \ubc18\uc751\uc758 \ubcf5\uc7a1\uc131\uc744 \uace0\ub824\ud560 \ud544\uc694\uac00 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \ube44\uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \uc0c1\ud0dc \ubc29\uc815\uc2dd\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<h2>6. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n<p>\uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc740 \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc608\uce21\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc911\uc694\ud55c \uc5ed\ud560\uc744 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4, \uc555\ub825, \ubd80\ud53c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubab0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc815\uc758\ud558\ub294 \uc774 \ubc95\uce59\uc740 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \uacfc\ud559\uc801 \ubc0f \uacf5\ud559\uc801 \uc751\uc6a9\uc774 \uac00\ub2a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \ubb3c\ub9ac\uc801 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uba74 \ud654\ud559\uacf5\ud559, \uae30\uc0c1\ud559, \uc2ec\uc9c0\uc5b4 \uc0dd\ubb3c\ud559\uc801 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uae4c\uc9c0 \uad11\ubc94\uc704\ud55c \ubd84\uc57c\uc5d0\uc11c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<p>\uc774\uc0c1\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc774 \uc65c \uc911\uc694\ud55c\uc9c0\ub97c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uc168\uae30\ub97c \ubc14\ub78d\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uc744 \uc798 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uace0 \uc788\uc73c\uba74, \uc2e4\uc0dd\ud65c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub420 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\uae30\uccb4\ub294 \ubb3c\uc9c8\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub85c, \uace0\uccb4\uc774\ub098 \uc561\uccb4 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ubcf4\ub2e4 \ubd84\uc790 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uac04\uaca9\uc774 \ub113\uace0 \ubd84\uc790 \uc6b4\ub3d9\uc774 \ud65c\ubc1c\ud55c \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \ub9d0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc131\uc9c8\uacfc \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uc218\ud559\uc801 \ubaa8\ub378\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub54c \uc801\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ubc14\ub85c \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59 (PV = nRT)\uc744 \uc18c\uac1c\ud558\uace0, \uae30\uccb4\uc758 \uc628\ub3c4, \uc555\ub825, \ubd80\ud53c, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ubab0\uc218 \uac04\uc758 \uad00\uacc4\ub97c \uc0c1\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uace0\uc790 \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59\uc758 \uae30\ubcf8 &hellip; <a href=\"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/40370\/\" class=\"more-link\">\ub354 \ubcf4\uae30<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8220;17. \uae30\uccb4\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ud654\ud559\uc2dd, \uc774\uc0c1\uae30\uccb4 \ubc95\uce59 (PV = 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