{"id":40454,"date":"2024-11-04T01:51:53","date_gmt":"2024-11-04T01:51:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/?p=40454"},"modified":"2024-11-26T06:39:08","modified_gmt":"2024-11-26T06:39:08","slug":"29-%ed%9a%a8%ea%b3%bc%ec%a0%81%ec%9d%b8-%ed%83%90%ed%97%98%ea%b3%bc-%ed%99%9c%ec%9a%a9-%ce%b5-%ea%b7%b8%eb%a6%ac%eb%94%94-%ec%86%8c%ed%94%84%ed%8a%b8%eb%a7%a5%ec%8a%a4-%ed%83%90%ed%97%98-%eb%93%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/atmokpo.com\/w\/40454\/","title":{"rendered":"29. \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9 \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514, \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \ud0d0\ud5d8 \ub4f1, \ud0d0\ud5d8-\ud65c\uc6a9 \uade0\ud615\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131"},"content":{"rendered":"

<\/p>\n

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\n<\/header>\n
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1. \uc11c\ub860<\/h2>\n

\n \uac15\ud654\ud559\uc2b5(Reinforcement Learning, RL)\uc740 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uac00 \ud658\uacbd\uacfc \uc0c1\ud638\uc791\uc6a9\ud558\uc5ec \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ud559\uc2b5\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\ub294 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uace0, \uadf8\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \ubc1b\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubbf8\ub798\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc870\uc815\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \uacfc\uc815\uc5d0\uc11c \uc911\uc694\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c \uc911 \ud558\ub098\ub294 ‘\ud0d0\ud5d8(Exploration)’\uacfc ‘\ud65c\uc6a9(Exploitation)’\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc740 \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uc5ec \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \uc218\uc9d1\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc774\uba70, \ud65c\uc6a9\uc740 \uc774\ubbf8 \ud655\ubcf4\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \ucd5c\ub300\uc758 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \uc5bb\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubcf8 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514(Epsilon-Greedy), \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4(Softmax) \ud0d0\ud5d8 \ubc29\ubc95\uacfc \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\ub4e4\uc774 \ud0d0\ud5d8-\ud65c\uc6a9 \uade0\ud615\uc5d0 \uae30\uc5ec\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \ub17c\uc758\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

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2. \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc758 \uc815\uc758<\/h2>\n

\n \uac15\ud654\ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uac00 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub450 \uac00\uc9c0\ub97c \uace0\ub824\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \ud0d0\ud5d8(Exploration)<\/strong>: \uc0c8\ub85c\uc6b4 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uc5ec \uc5ec\ub7ec \uac00\uc9c0 \uac00\ub2a5\ud55c \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uac00 \uc0c1\ub300\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ub35c \uc54c\ub824\uc9c4 \uc601\uc5ed\uc744 \ud0d0\uc0c9\ud560 \uae30\ud68c\ub97c \uc81c\uacf5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n
  2. \ud65c\uc6a9(Exploitation)<\/strong>: \ud604\uc7ac \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ubc14\ud0d5\uc73c\ub85c \uac00\uc7a5 \ub192\uc740 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \uac00\uc838\uc628 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\ub294 \uacfc\uc815\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub294 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uac00 \uc774\ubbf8 \ud655\ubcf4\ud55c \uc815\ubcf4\ub85c \ucd5c\ub300\ud55c\uc758 \uc774\ub4dd\uc744 \ubcf4\ub824\ub294 \uc811\uadfc \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n \uac15\ud654\ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9 \uc0ac\uc774\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \ub9de\ucd94\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ubc1c\uacac\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \ucda9\ubd84\ud55c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uc9c0\ub9cc, \ud0d0\ud5d8 \uc790\uccb4\uac00 \ud56d\uc0c1 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \uc99d\uac00\uc2dc\ud0a4\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uc544\ub2c8\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0 \uc801\uc808\ud55c \uade0\ud615\uc744 \ucc3e\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uad00\uac74\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n<\/section>\n

    \n

    3. \ud0d0\ud5d8-\ud65c\uc6a9 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc704\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\ub860<\/h2>\n

    \ud0d0\ud5d8-\ud65c\uc6a9 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \ub9de\ucd94\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubc29\ubc95\ub860\uc774 \uc81c\uc548\ub418\uc5c8\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uadf8\uc911\uc5d0\uc11c\ub3c4 \uac00\uc7a5 \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc774\uba70 \ub110\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub418\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514(Epsilon-Greedy) \uae30\ubc95\uacfc \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4(Softmax) \ud0d0\ud5d8 \ubc29\ubc95\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n

    3.1. \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514 (Epsilon-Greedy) \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n

    \n \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uac00 \u03b5\uc758 \ud655\ub960\ub85c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\uace0, 1-\u03b5\uc758 \ud655\ub960\ub85c \ud604\uc7ac \uac00\uc7a5 \uc88b\uc740 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uac04\ub2e8\ud558\uba74\uc11c\ub3c4 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ud0d0\ud5d8 \uc804\ub7b5\uc73c\ub85c, \u03b5 \uac12\uc774 0\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b8\uc218\ub85d \ud65c\uc6a9\uc5d0 \uce58\uc911\ud558\uace0, 1\uc5d0 \uac00\uae4c\uc6b8\uc218\ub85d \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc5d0 \uce58\uc911\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n <\/p>\n

    \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998<\/h4>\n
    \n                \ndef epsilon_greedy_action_selection(Q, epsilon):\n    if np.random.rand() < epsilon:  # \ud0d0\ud5d8\n        return np.random.choice(len(Q))  # \uc784\uc758\uc758 \ud589\ub3d9 \uc120\ud0dd\n    else:  # \ud65c\uc6a9\n        return np.argmax(Q)  # \uac00\uc7a5 \ub192\uc740 Q\uac12\uc744 \uac00\uc9c4 \ud589\ub3d9 \uc120\ud0dd\n                <\/code>\n            <\/pre>\n
    \uc704\uc758 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998\uc740 \ud589\ub3d9 \uac00\uce58 \ud568\uc218 Q\ub97c \uc785\ub825\uc73c\ub85c \ubc1b\uc544 \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc758\uc0ac \uacb0\uc815 \uacfc\uc815\uc740 \uc8fc\uc5b4\uc9c4 \u03b5 \uac12\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc744 \uacb0\uc815\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc73c\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
    \u03b5 \uac12 \uc870\uc808<\/h4>\n
    \u03b5 \uac12\uc744 \uc77c\uc815\ud558\uac8c \uc720\uc9c0\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \uc544\ub2cc, \uc774 \uac12\uc774 \uc810\uc9c4\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uac10\uc18c\ud558\ub3c4\ub85d \uc124\uc815\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ucd08\uae30\uc5d0\ub294 \ub9ce\uc740 \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc744 \ud558\ub2e4\uac00, \ud559\uc2b5\uc774 \uc9c4\ud589\ub420\uc218\ub85d \ud65c\uc6a9\uc5d0 \ube44\uc911\uc744 \ub450\ub294 \uc804\ub7b5\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u03b5\uc758 \uac10\uc18c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uad6c\ud604\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
    \n                \nepsilon = 1.0  # \ucd08\uae30 \u03b5 \uac12\nepsilon_min = 0.01  # \ucd5c\uc19f\uac12\ndecay_rate = 0.995  # \uac10\uc18c \ube44\uc728\n\nwhile training:\n    action = epsilon_greedy_action_selection(Q, epsilon)\n    # \ud589\ub3d9 \uc120\ud0dd \ubc0f \ubcf4\uc0c1 \uc5c5\ub370\uc774\ud2b8 \ucf54\ub4dc...\n    \n    if epsilon > epsilon_min:\n        epsilon *= decay_rate  # \u03b5 \uac12 \uac10\uc18c\n                <\/code>\n            <\/pre>\n
    \uc774\ub807\uac8c \ud558\uba74 \ud559\uc2b5\uc774 \uc9c4\ud589\ub428\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \uc810\uc810 \ub354 \ud65c\uc6a9\uc801\uc778 \ubc29\ubc95\uc73c\ub85c \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\uac8c \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
    3.2. \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 (Softmax) \ubc29\ubc95<\/h3>\n
    \n                \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \uac01 \ud589\ub3d9\uc758 Q \uac12\uc744 \ud655\ub960\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ud0dd\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\uc2dd\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\ub294 \uac01 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud55c \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \ud655\ub960\uc744 \uacc4\uc0b0\ud558\uace0, \uc774 \ud655\ub960\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc120\ud0dd\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \ud568\uc218\uc758 \ud615\ud0dc\ub294 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
    \n                \ndef softmax(Q, temperature=1.0):\n    e_Q = np.exp(Q \/ temperature)\n    return e_Q \/ np.sum(e_Q)\n                <\/code>\n            <\/pre>\n
    \uc628\ub3c4(temperature) \ub9e4\uac1c\ubcc0\uc218\ub294 \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc758 \uc815\ub3c4\ub97c \uc870\uc808\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub192\uc740 \uc628\ub3c4\ub294 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc744 \ud558\uac8c \ud558\uace0, \ub0ae\uc740 \uc628\ub3c4\ub294 \ud2b9\uc815 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub354 \ub9ce\uc740 \ube44\uc911\uc744 \ub450\uac8c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
    \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \uc54c\uace0\ub9ac\uc998<\/h4>\n
    \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \ud568\uc218\ub97c \uc774\uc6a9\ud55c \ud589\ub3d9 \uc120\ud0dd \uacfc\uc815\uc740 \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4:<\/p>\n
    \n                \ndef softmax_action_selection(Q, temperature):\n    probabilities = softmax(Q, temperature)\n    return np.random.choice(range(len(Q)), p=probabilities)\n                <\/code>\n            <\/pre>\n
    \uc774 \uacfc\uc815\uc740 \uac01 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ud655\ub960\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \uc120\ud0dd\ub418\uae30 \ub54c\ubb38\uc5d0, \ubaa8\ub4e0 \ud589\ub3d9\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc77c\uc815\ud55c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc744 \ubcf4\uc7a5\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n
    \n
    4. \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc758 \uc911\uc694\uc131<\/h2>\n
    \n                \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc744 \uade0\ud615 \uc788\uac8c \uc9c4\ud589\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \uc815\ucc45\uc744 \ucc3e\uae30 \uc704\ud55c \ud575\uc2ec \uc694\uc18c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc774 \ubd88\ucda9\ubd84\ud558\uba74 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\ub294 \uc798 \uc54c\ub824\uc9c0\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc740 \ud589\ub3d9\uc744 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ud558\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc544 \ucd5c\uc801\uc758 \ubcf4\uc0c1\uc744 \ub193\uce60 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ubc18\uba74 \ub108\ubb34 \ub9ce\uc740 \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc740 \uae30\uc874\uc5d0 \uc54c\uace0 \uc788\ub294 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud558\uc9c0 \ubabb\ud558\uac8c \ub418\uc5b4 \ube44\ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc778 \ud559\uc2b5\uc744 \ucd08\ub798\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n
    \n                \ub610\ud55c, \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc131\uaca9\uc5d0 \ub530\ub77c\uc11c\ub3c4 \ub2e4\ub974\uac8c \uc811\uadfc\ud574\uc57c \ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ud658\uacbd\uc774 \ubcc0\ud654\ud558\ub294 \ub3d9\uc801 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud0d0\ud5d8\uc744 \uc9c0\uc18d\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud5c8\uc6a9\ud574\uc57c \ud560 \ud544\uc694\uc131\uc774 \ud06c\uba70, \ubc18\uba74 \uc815\uc801\uc778 \ud658\uacbd\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ud65c\uc6a9\uc744 \uc6b0\uc120\uc2dc\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc774 \ub354 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n<\/section>\n
    \n
    5. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
    \n                \uac15\ud654\ud559\uc2b5\uc5d0\uc11c \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc740 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5\uc5d0 \uc9c1\uacb0\ub418\ub294 \uc911\uc694 \uc694\uc18c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \u03b5-\uadf8\ub9ac\ub514\uc640 \uc18c\ud504\ud2b8\ub9e5\uc2a4 \ud0d0\ud5d8 \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ud6a8\uacfc\uc801\uc778 \ud0d0\ud5d8-\ud65c\uc6a9 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc720\uc9c0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc73c\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubcf4\ub2e4 \ub098\uc740 \ud559\uc2b5 \uacb0\uacfc\ub97c \ub3c4\ucd9c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud0d0\ud5d8\uacfc \ud65c\uc6a9\uc758 \uade0\ud615\uc744 \uc870\uc808\ud558\ub294 \uac83\uc740 \uac15\ud654\ud559\uc2b5\uc758 \uc131\uacf5\uc5d0 \uc788\uc5b4 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud558\uba70, \uc774\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \uc6b0\ub9ac\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \ub2a5\ub825\uc744 \uac16\ucd98 \uc5d0\uc774\uc804\ud2b8\ub97c \uac1c\ubc1c\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.\n            <\/p>\n<\/section>\n