\ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c \ubb38\uc81c:<\/strong> \uc5f0\uacb0\uc774 \ub04a\uae30\uac70\ub098 \uc9c0\uc5f0\ub418\ub294 \ub4f1 \ub124\ud2b8\uc6cc\ud06c\uc640 \uad00\ub828\ub41c \ubb38\uc81c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n2. \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c \uc774\ud574\ud558\uae30<\/h2>\n
\uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc774 \uc0dd\uc131\ub418\uc5b4 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c\uacfc \uc560\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc758 \ub3d9\uc791 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uae30\ub85d\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc758 \uc704\uce58\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \/var\/log<\/code> \ub514\ub809\ud1a0\ub9ac\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc11c\ubc84\uc758 \uc0c1\ud0dc\ub97c \uc810\uac80\ud558\uace0 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud070 \ub3c4\uc6c0\uc774 \ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n2.1 \uc8fc\uc694 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c<\/h3>\n
\ub2e4\uc74c\uc740 \uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c\uc5d0\uc11c \uc790\uc8fc \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud558\ub294 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
\n\/var\/log\/syslog<\/code>: \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc804\uccb4\uc758 \ub85c\uadf8 \uc815\ubcf4\uac00 \uae30\ub85d\ub418\ub294 \ud30c\uc77c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code>: \uc0ac\uc6a9\uc790 \uc778\uc99d \uad00\ub828 \ub85c\uadf8\uac00 \uc800\uc7a5\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\/var\/log\/kern.log<\/code>: \ucee4\ub110 \uad00\ub828 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\uac00 \uae30\ub85d\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\/var\/log\/apache2\/error.log<\/code>: Apache \uc6f9 \uc11c\ubc84\uc758 \uc624\ub958 \ub85c\uadf8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n\/var\/log\/mysql\/error.log<\/code>: MySQL \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc758 \uc624\ub958 \ub85c\uadf8\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n3. \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0<\/h2>\n
\ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc6d0\uc778\uc744 \ucd94\uc801\ud558\ub294 \ubc29\ubc95\uc740 \ud06c\uac8c \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc740 \uc808\ucc28\ub85c \uc9c4\ud589\ub429\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
3.1 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c \uc5f4\uae30<\/h3>\n
\ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 cat<\/code>, less<\/code>, tail<\/code> \ub4f1\uc758 \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\nsudo less \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code><\/pre>\n\uc774 \uba85\ub839\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 syslog<\/code> \ud30c\uc77c\uc758 \ub0b4\uc6a9\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n3.2 \ud2b9\uc815 \ubb38\uc81c \ucc3e\uae30<\/h3>\n
\uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\uc744 \ub54c, \ud2b9\uc815 \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub97c \uac80\uc0c9\ud558\uc5ec \uad00\ub828 \uc815\ubcf4\ub97c \ucc3e\uc744 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, “error”, “failed”, “crash”\uc640 \uac19\uc740 \ud0a4\uc6cc\ub4dc\ub85c \uac80\uc0c9\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
sudo grep \"error\" \/var\/log\/syslog<\/code><\/pre>\n4. \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\uc81c\uc640 \ud574\uacb0 \ubc29\ubc95<\/h2>\n
\uac01\uac01\uc758 \ubb38\uc81c\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \uc5b4\ub5bb\uac8c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294\uc9c0 \uc0b4\ud3b4\ubcf4\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
4.1 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \ub54c<\/h3>\n
\uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\uc744 \uacbd\uc6b0, \ud574\ub2f9 \uc11c\ube44\uc2a4\uc758 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uc5ec \uc6d0\uc778\uc744 \ud30c\uc545\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, Apache \uc6f9 \uc11c\ubc84\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294\ub2e4\uba74, \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
sudo tail -n 50 \/var\/log\/apache2\/error.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\uc624\ub958 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 Apache\uac00 \uc2dc\uc791\ub418\uc9c0 \uc54a\ub294 \uc774\uc720\ub97c \uc54c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc8fc\ub85c \uc124\uc815 \ud30c\uc77c\uc758 \uc624\ub958\ub098 \ud3ec\ud2b8 \ucda9\ub3cc \ub4f1\uc774 \uc6d0\uc778\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
4.2 \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4 \uc624\ub958<\/h3>\n
MySQL \ub370\uc774\ud130\ubca0\uc774\uc2a4\uc5d0 \ubb38\uc81c\uac00 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud588\uc744 \ub54c\ub294 \/var\/log\/mysql\/error.log<\/code>\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ud2b9\uc815 \uc5d0\ub7ec \ucf54\ub4dc\ub098 \uba54\uc2dc\uc9c0\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\nsudo tail -n 50 \/var\/log\/mysql\/error.log<\/code><\/pre>\n4.3 \ubcf4\uc548 \ubb38\uc81c \uc9c4\ub2e8<\/h3>\n
\uc758\uc2ec\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 \ub85c\uadf8\uc778 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code> \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uac80\ud1a0\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc608\ub97c \ub4e4\uc5b4, \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \ub85c\uadf8\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\nsudo grep \"Failed password\" \/var\/log\/auth.log<\/code><\/pre>\n\uc774 \uba85\ub839\uc740 \uc2e4\ud328\ud55c \ub85c\uadf8\uc778\uc758 \uae30\ub85d\uc744 \ubcf4\uc5ec\uc90d\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
5. \uc11c\ubc84\uc758 \uc131\ub2a5 \ubb38\uc81c \ubd84\uc11d<\/h2>\n
\uc11c\ubc84 \uc131\ub2a5\uc774 \uc800\ud558\ub418\uc5c8\uc744 \ub54c, \uc131\ub2a5 \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc640 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc9c4\ub2e8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. top<\/code>\uc774\ub098 htop<\/code> \uba85\ub839\uc5b4\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 CPU\uc640 \uba54\ubaa8\ub9ac \uc0ac\uc6a9\ub7c9\uc744 \ud655\uc778\ud558\uace0, syslog<\/code>\ub97c \ud1b5\ud574 \ud2b9\uc815 \uc5b4\ud50c\ub9ac\ucf00\uc774\uc158\uc758 \uc624\ub958\ub97c \ud655\uc778\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\ntop<\/code><\/pre>\n6. \ub3c4\uad6c \ubc0f \uc720\ud2f8\ub9ac\ud2f0<\/h2>\n
\ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud6a8\uc728\uc801\uc73c\ub85c \ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uba87 \uac00\uc9c0 \ub3c4\uad6c\uac00 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
6.1 logwatch<\/h3>\n
logwatch<\/code>\ub294 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \uc815\ub9ac\ud558\uc5ec \uc77c\uc77c \ubcf4\uace0\uc11c\ub97c \uc0dd\uc131\ud574\uc8fc\ub294 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub2e4\uc74c\uacfc \uac19\uc774 \uc124\uce58\ud558\uace0 \uc0ac\uc6a9\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\nsudo apt install logwatch<\/code><\/pre>\nsudo logwatch --output file --format text<\/code><\/pre>\n6.2 fail2ban<\/h3>\n
fail2ban<\/code>\uc740 \ubc18\ubcf5\uc801\uc778 \ub85c\uadf8\uc778 \uc2dc\ub3c4\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc124\uce58 \ud6c4 auth.log<\/code> \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\ud558\uc5ec \uc790\ub3d9\uc73c\ub85c \uc758\uc2ec\uc2a4\ub7ec\uc6b4 IP\ub97c \ucc28\ub2e8\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\nsudo apt install fail2ban<\/code><\/pre>\n7. \uacb0\ub860<\/h2>\n
\uc11c\ubc84 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \ubc0f \ud2b8\ub7ec\ube14\uc288\ud305\uc740 \uc2dc\uc2a4\ud15c \uc6b4\uc601\uc5d0 \ub9e4\uc6b0 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4. \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc740 \uc774\ub7ec\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc9c4\ub2e8\ud558\uace0 \ud574\uacb0\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \ud544\uc218\uc801\uc778 \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uae30\ubcf8\uc801\uc778 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc758 \uc774\ud574\uc640 \ubd84\uc11d \ubc29\ubc95\uc744 \uc219\uc9c0\ud558\uace0, \uac01\uc885 \ub3c4\uad6c\ub97c \ud65c\uc6a9\ud55c\ub2e4\uba74, \uc11c\ubc84\uc758 \uc548\uc815\uc131\uc744 \ud06c\uac8c \ub192\uc77c \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc815\uae30\uc801\uc778 \ubaa8\ub2c8\ud130\ub9c1\uacfc \ub85c\uadf8 \ubd84\uc11d\uc744 \ud1b5\ud574 \ubb38\uc81c\ub97c \uc0ac\uc804\uc5d0 \uc608\ubc29\ud558\ub294 \uc790\uc138\ub3c4 \uc911\uc694\ud569\ub2c8\ub2e4.<\/p>\n
<\/body><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
\uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c \uc11c\ubc84\uc758 \uc6b4\uc601 \uc911 \ub2e4\uc591\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c\ub4e4\uc774 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774\ub97c \ud574\uacb0\ud558\uae30 \uc704\ud574\uc11c\ub294 \uccb4\uacc4\uc801\uc778 \uc811\uadfc\uc774 \ud544\uc694\ud558\uba70, \ud2b9\ud788 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c \ubd84\uc11d\uc740 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc6d0\uc778\uc744 \ud30c\uc545\ud558\ub294 \ub370 \uc720\uc6a9\ud55c \ub3c4\uad6c\uc785\ub2c8\ub2e4. \uc774 \uae00\uc5d0\uc11c\ub294 \uc6b0\ubd84\ud22c \uc11c\ubc84\uc5d0\uc11c \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 \uc218 \uc788\ub294 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \ubb38\uc81c\uc640 \uadf8 \ud574\uacb0 \ubc29\ubc95, \uadf8\ub9ac\uace0 \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ud2b8\ub7ec\ube14\uc288\ud305 \ubc29\ubc95\uc5d0 \ub300\ud574 \uc790\uc138\ud788 \uc124\uba85\ud558\uaca0\uc2b5\ub2c8\ub2e4. 1. \uc11c\ubc84 \ubb38\uc81c\uc758 \uc77c\ubc18\uc801\uc778 \uc720\ud615 \uc11c\ubc84 \uc6b4\uc601 \uc911 \ubc1c\uc0dd\ud560 … \ub354 \ubcf4\uae30 “17.\uc11c\ubc84 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \ubc0f \ud2b8\ub7ec\ube14\uc288\ud305, \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \ubc29\ubc95 (\uc608 var log \ubd84\uc11d)”<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[179],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-41602","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-179"],"yoast_head":"\n17.\uc11c\ubc84 \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \ubc0f \ud2b8\ub7ec\ube14\uc288\ud305, \ub85c\uadf8 \ud30c\uc77c\uc744 \ud1b5\ud55c \ubb38\uc81c \ud574\uacb0 \ubc29\ubc95 (\uc608 var log \ubd84\uc11d) - 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